马铃薯是世界第四大粮食作物，由于马铃薯有通过无性繁殖、非纯系、多倍体和基因组结构复杂等特点，相对其他主要粮食作物，有关马铃薯现代细胞遗传学和比较基因组学研究相对落后。本项目将利用已报道的马铃薯的重复序列，寻找更多的染色体亚端粒和近着丝粒重复序列，采用荧光原位杂交(FISH)和染色体涂色技术，建立马铃薯染色体辨认图，把其每一条染色体一次性准确无误地辨认出来，同时结合BAC-FISH技术，建立染色体细胞遗传图和遗传连锁图的联系和统一它们的命名。并利用该染色体识别工具，推广到A、B、E和P基因组野生近缘种染色体研究中；以及进行马铃薯同源多倍体减数分裂染色体行为研究。该项目的完成不仅可建立马铃薯现代细胞遗传学体系，而且将增进我们对马铃薯不同基因组染色体结构的了解，促进马铃薯同源多倍体进化等相关研究。

Potato is the world’s fouth most important food crop. Compared with other crops, the modern cytogenetics and chromosomal identifications of potato and its relatives have not been fully established, which restricted the studies of chromosomal engineering, polyploid evolutions, and inhibited the establishment of genetic materials as well as the applications of wild germplasms of potato. In this project, we will utilize the published potato tandem repeated sequences and find more subtelomeric or paracentromeric repeated sequences to establish the chromosomal identifications and cytogenetic systems of potato and its relatives by the fluorescent in situ hybridyzation (FISH) and chromosome painting techniques. We will identify every chromosome of potato in one chromosomal spread and connect the nominations of chromosomal identification system with genetic map by BAC-FISH using BAC clones with known linkage positions. The purposes of this project are to utilize the tool-kit to the comparative genomic studies of potato and its relatives, the alloployploid evolutions of potato.