肠易激综合征（IBS）腹痛临床高发且难以治疗，因其发病机制复杂、病理生理机制不明，亟需深入研究参与调控IBS腹痛的神经、细胞和分子机制。单细胞测序是研究复杂组织中细胞异质性的新兴技术，通过绘制细胞图谱和基因表达谱式，为用单一的分子机制难以解释的复杂调控机理提供全面的信息。申请人将利用单细胞测序技术研究IBS腹痛大鼠肠道和脊髓背角的细胞图谱及基因表达谱式，结合电生理和功能钙成像技术确认关键基因的调控机制，并与人的肠道单细胞结果进行比较研究，解析IBS腹痛过程中肠道不同细胞来源的信号如何与脊髓背角神经元发生相互作用，进而影响腹痛信号的传导。课题组在神经病理性疼痛方面具备丰富的基础和临床经验，并且已应用单细胞测序技术解析神经病理性疼痛的分子神经机制，为研究机制相对空白的IBS腹痛打下了坚实的基础。本研究将为IBS腹痛提供新的机制解说和潜在治疗靶点，具有十分重要的基础和临床意义。

Abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has high morbidity and low cure rates because of its complex pathogenesis and unknown pathophysiological mechanism.So it is urgent to study the neural, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of IBS abdominal pain. Single cell sequencing is a new technology to study cell heterogeneity in complex tissues. By drawing cell maps and gene expression profiles, single cell sequencing provides comprehensive information for complex regulatory mechanisms that are difficult to explain by a single molecular mechanism. The applicant will use single cell sequencing to study the cell profile and gene expression profile of the intestinal tract and spinal dorsal horn of IBS abdominal pain rats, and confirm the regulatory mechanism of key genes in combination with electrophysiological and functional calcium imaging techniques. Compared with the results of human intestinal single cell, this study will analyze how the signals from different intestinal cells interact with spinal dorsal horn neurons during IBS abdominal pain, and affect the transmission of abdominal pain signal. The research group has a wealth of foundation and clinical experience in neuropathic pain, and analyze the molecular neural mechanism of neuropathic pain by single cell sequencing technology, which has laid a solid foundation for the study of IBS abdominal pain with relatively blank mechanism. This study will provide a new mechanism and potential therapeutic target for IBS abdominal pain, which has a very important basis and clinical significance.