近年来，我国主粮作物马铃薯受土传病害危害日益严重。针对初侵染源的防控是防治该类病害的重要措施。除病种薯外，土壤中的病原物也是该类病害的另一尤其重要的初侵染源。为根本上解决土壤中病原物初侵染源问题，我们一方面需要定性的识别土传病害的种类而选取合理的杀菌剂方案；另一方面需要定量性地检测病原物的数量，从而合理判断其风险性，施用最具环境安全性的杀菌剂数量。由于病原菌的死亡而释放大量DNA物质被土壤胶体吸附固定持久存在，导致对土壤样中病原物的定性及定量检测上产生一定的假阳性及误差。因此、本项目拟研究DNase在土壤环境下的活性能力以及其对土壤胞外DNA的降解效率，从而利用其对土壤胞外DNA进行预先充分水解去除假阳性因子，之后利用现代分子检测方法qPCR以及LAMP对土壤样品中六种主要的马铃薯土传病原物进行定量的监测，进而分析自然状态下感染农田中病菌的动态分布及含量，最后提出相应的病害防控建议。

Potato, as the main grain crop in China, has been seriously damaged by soil borne diseases in recent years. The prevention and control of the primary infection source is an important measure to control these kinds of disease. In addition to the diseased potato, the pathogen in the planting soil is also another important primary infection source of the disease. To solve the problem of the primary infection source of pathogens in soil, on the one hand, we need to qualitatively identify the types of soil borne diseases and then select a reasonable fungicide scheme; on the other hand, we need to quantitatively detect the number of pathogens, so as to reasonably judge its risk, apply the most environmentally safe fungicide quantity. Due to the death of pathogens, a large amount of DNA is released and can be adsorbed and fixed by the soil colloid for a long time, that led to some false positives and errors in the qualitative and quantitative detection of soil pathogens. This project plans to research the activity of DNase in the soil and its degradation efficiency of DNA in the soil adsorption state, so as to fully hydrolyze the extracellular DNA in the soil in advance to remove the false-positive factors, and then use the modern molecular detection methods of qPCR and LAMP to quantitatively monitor the six living soil borne pathogens in the soil samples, and then analyze the dynamic distribution and content of the pathogens, and finally put forward corresponding suggestions on the disease prevention and control.