微生物燃料电池（MFC）闭路运行时阴极室内的有机物可促进同步硝化反硝化（SND）、提高脱氮效率，但相关机制未见报道。本项目以生活污水为基质，活性炭纳米纤维为电极材料，构建单阴极多阳极MFC（SCMA-MFC），开展耦合MFC产电与强化阴极SND过程的关键技术与作用机理研究。在SCMA-MFC开路和闭路时，比较研究阴极生物膜微生物种群结构及丰度随膜厚度的变化规律，分析阴极室有机物对微生物群落结构及特性的影响，研究MFC弱电场（电子传递）对硝化菌与反硝化菌功能基因表达与活性的影响规律，从分子生物学层面阐明MFC强化SND的微生物学机制。富集培养阴极优势功能菌群，开发活性炭纳米纤维优势功能菌群生物阴极，分析生物阴极与SCMA-MFC电化学特性，阐明阴极生物膜内污染物转化与微生物分布特征，优化SCMA-MFC结构与强化SND。研究成果将为实现MFC化学能转化和强化污水脱氮提供理论指导和技术支撑。

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been indicated to be able to enhance the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) processes and improve the efficiency of nitrogen removal with the presence of organic matters in the cathode. However, the mechanisms of the enhancement of SND processes in MFC have not been elucidated yet. In this proposal, a single-cathode and multi-anodes MFC (SCMA-MFC) will be developed with activated carbon nanofiber as electrode material and domestic wastewater as media for both the cathode and anode, and the coupling of electricity generation and SND enhance on the cathode will be explored. Under both open and closed circuit conditions, microbial community diversities and depth-dependent abundance distributions within the cathode biofilm will be studied. The nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria diversity and activity distribution trends will be monitored via the measurement of 16S rRNA genes and functional gene expressions to clarifiy SND enhancement mechanism in the weak current field of MFC. The electrochemical properties of electrodes and SCMA-MFC characteristics are analyzed. Distributions and relatonships of pollutants and microorganisms within the biofilm will be investigated in order to explore the nitrogen transformation mechanisms and construct the diffusion and transformation model. In summary, the MFC technology study will provide theoretical understanding and application experience for simultaneous chemical energy conversion and nitrogen removal enhancement.