气管来源的BMP信号维持果蝇中肠稳态的机理研究

组织稳态是通过干细胞的自我更新和分化实现的。干细胞如何获取组织稳态的信息，并决定其增殖和分化是干细胞研究中的重要问题。研究维持稳态的信号通路及其作用机制是阐明组织稳态的关键。BMP信号广泛参与果蝇的发育，但其在中肠稳态维持中的研究尚属空白。我们的初步研究表明BMP信号在果蝇中肠稳态维持中发挥重要作用。更重要的是，我们还发现参与该过程的BMP配体dpp来于气管。本项目将结合遗传、发育、细胞等多种手段, 进一步深入阐明BMP信号维持中肠稳态的作用机制，并探讨配体Dpp如何从气管向中肠运输的分子机理。由于果蝇和脊椎动物的消化系统发育和功能具有很大的相似性，本项目的实施将为稳态维持和人类肿瘤防治及药物研发等领域研究提供重要的理论基础。同时，气管与肠道间对话的研究将开辟一个全新的领域。

Resident stem cells are reponsible for adult tissue homeostasis maintenance. How resident stem cells perceive tissue needs and respond timeingly with proper adjustments of proliferation and differentiation to replenish tissue loss remain the central question of stem cell studies.It's of great importance to study how tissue homeostasis is regulated, and the signaling pathways involved. BMP signaling participates in various developmental stages in Drosophila, however, it remains elusive whether it is also involved in Drosophila adult midgut homeostasis.Our primiliary data demonstrated that BMP signal plays important role in midgut homeostasis. More interestingly, we found that functional BMP ligand dpp is produced by trachea, implying that trachea is involved in midgut homeostasis control. In this study, we will explore the possible bilogical roles BMP signaling played in maintaining midgut homeostasis, and elucidate its mechanism(s)in homeostasis control. Furthermore, we will investigate the mechanism of how Dpp is transported from trachea to midgut. As Drosophila midgut shares extensive similarities to mammalian counterpart, genetically and functionally,this study will elucidate the mechanisms in homeostasis control by BMP signaling,which will help the understanding of homeostasis maintanence and tumorogenesis, having potential clinical importance. Moreover, the study of inter-organ communication between trachea and midgut will open a brand new field of tissue homeostasis control.