我国低阶煤资源丰富，以热解为先导的多联产技术是可实现低阶煤分质利用的可行技术之一，这对于保障我国能源安全和社会可持续发展具有重要意义。初步研究表明：煤中的低分子化合物是煤热转化过程中非常重要的活性组分，但迄今为止相关研究工作很少，且缺乏深度。为此，本项目提出开展低阶煤中低分子化合物的热解析出行为及其在煤主体结构热解过程中的作用机理研究。具体内容包括：研究低阶煤中低分子化合物的含量、组成及其赋存形态，探寻煤中低分子化合物与其低温热解焦油间的关系；研究低阶煤中低分子化合物的热解析出行为，尤其是其中不可蒸馏的沥青质的热解析出行为；研究煤中低分子化合物回配以及外加供氢溶剂对溶剂抽余煤在热解过程中挥发分的析出特性和自由基浓度的影响，阐明煤中低分子化合物在原煤热解过程中的作用机理。本项目前期工作为完成研究奠定了坚实的基础，研究结果可为低阶煤的分质利用提供基础数据和理论指导。

The low-rank coal reserve of our country is abundant, and the poly-generation technology based on the pyrolysis is one of the feasible technologies which can realize the staged conversion of low-rank coal, so it is significance on protecting the energy security and guaranteeing social sustainable development of China. Preliminary study indicated that the low molecular weight compounds are very important active ingredients in the process of thermal conversion of coal, but till now there are scarce relevant work with depth. Therefore, the investigations on the pyrolysis behavior of the low molecular weight compounds and its mechanism during the pyrolysis process of low-rank coal are proposed in this project, and the main research contents are as follows. Investigating on the contents, chemical compositions and mode of occurrences of the low molecular weight compounds of the low-rank coal, and to explore the relationship between the low molecuar weight compounds and coal tar from low temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal. Studying on the pyrolysis behavior of the low molecular weight compounds of different fractions from low-rank coal, especially the pyrolysis behavior of the asphaltene. The effects of the low molecular weight compounds and hydrogen donor solvents on the separating out behavior of volatiles and the concentrations of free radicals during the pyrolysis process of the extracted coal will be investigated, to illuminate the mechanism of the low molecular weight compounds during the pyrolysis of low-rank coal. The previously pertinent research laid a solid foundation for this project, and the results of this project can provide basic data and theoretical foundation for the staged conversion of low-rank coal.