病害频发是当前对虾养殖业发展的重要瓶颈之一，微生物群落在对虾养殖生态系统中发挥着核心和枢纽作用，与对虾病害发生密切相关。但迄今为止，我们对微生物群落结构和功能及其动态演替过程的认识还处于初步阶段，许多认知呈孤立和分散状态,并且经常出现不同研究组甚至同一研究组不同实验的结论相互矛盾。本项目拟构建规范一致的对虾养殖环境微生物生态实验体系，从养殖系统全局和动态的角度研究环境生态因子-微生物群落-对虾健康度三者之间的关系，应用生态统计学解析对虾养殖全程中微生物群落的多样性和组成结构特征及其与对虾健康度的关系的动态变化模式，量化气候、水体理化和对虾活动对微生物群落演替的驱动作用。在多生物学重复、季节和年度重复中去修正和归纳微生物群落特征，丰富和深化对微生物群落与对虾健康和病害关系的内涵和外延的认知，初步建立对虾养殖系统环境微生物生态过程机制理论框架，为对虾病害防控技术和产品的研发提供扎实的理论基础。

Frequent occurrence of disease is one of the major bottle-necks of the development of shrimp-culture industry. Microbial community plays crucial and pivotal roles in shrimp-culture ecological system, and is closely related to the occurrence of shrimp diseases. But so far, our understanding of microbial community structure and function in aquaculture systems is still at the initial stage and the related cognition are often sole and fragmented. The conclusions of the different experiments from different research groups, or even the same group, often appear to be inconsistent. This project intends to build a microbial ecological experiment system with a consistent specification for shrimp-culture environment, in order to investigate the relationships among environment ecological factors, microbial community, and healthy status of shrimp with a global and dynamic perspective of aquaculture system. The ecological statistical analyses are applied to characterize the diversity and composition of microbial community and the dynamics in their relationships with the healthy status of shrimp and to quantify the driving effects of climate, water physicochemical parameters, and shrimp activity on microbial community succession in the entire duration of culture. Meanwhile, the data from the series experiments at seasonal- and annual-scales with enough biological replicates will be deeply mined to modify and generalize the characteristics of microbial community, thus providing more abundant and deep insights into the relationship between microbial community and the healthy status of shrimps and preliminarily setting up a theoretical framework of mechanisms in microbial ecological processes in shrimp-culture system. This project will provide a solid theoretical basis for the developments of prevention-control techniques and products of shrimp disease.