中-晚全新世是气候环境和人类社会发生深刻变革的关键时期，极端气候事件频发，旧大陆原始文明衰退。长江下游地区的良渚文化被认为是中国史前文化发展的巅峰，在此期间也突然衰落，环境变化是否是其衰落的主要驱动因素，一直存在争议。虽然以往的研究在揭示良渚稻作农业发展、环境演变等方面取得了许多重要成果，但对于人类活动与环境演变相互关系的研究相对较少，原因之一是缺少良渚文化时期连续的、稳定的、可对比的区域人类活动、农业发展与环境演变的沉积记录。良渚水坝内的沉积物完整记录了良渚文化由盛转衰期间的自然环境演化过程，本项目拟采用微体化石分析方法，结合高精度测年，利用水坝内自然沉积物重建环境演变过程，利用水坝外古城文化层沉积物，揭示稻作农业发展过程；在对比分析基础上，探讨良渚文化时期人类活动、农业发展和环境演变之间的关系，为良渚文化衰退原因提供关键线索，为研究人类活动和环境演变的内在关系提供新的材料与科学证据。

The Mid-Late Holocene was a crucial period of profound environmental evolution and cultural change for frequently occurring of extreme climate events and quickly collapsing of civilizations in Old World. Liangzhu culture, located in the lower Yangtze Region, is considered as the peak of prehistoric cultural and social development in China, however, it suddenly declined during this period. Whether environmental change is the main driving factor of its decline has been controversial. Although previous studies have achieved many important achievements in revealing the development of rice agriculture and the occurrence of climate and environmental events, there is relatively little research on the relationship between human activities and environmental evolution. One important reason is the lack of continuous, stable, comparable sediments which can record regional human activities, agricultural development and environmental evolution during Liangzhu culture. The sediments inside of Liangzhu dams recorded the whole environment evolution during Liangzhu culture period. This project will employ micro-plants fossil analysis, combing with high-precision dating, using sediments inside the dam to reconstruct the environmental evolution process, using the sediments outside the dam - the ancient city cultural layers to reveal the process of rice agriculture; on the basis of comparative analysis, we will try to explore the relationship between human activities, agricultural development and environmental evolution during the Liangzhu culture period, which will provide key clues for the cause of Liangzhu culture decline and will provide scientific evidence for studying the intrinsic relationship between human activities and environmental evolution.