我国传统的垃圾混合收集和填埋处理方式，导致大量的有害重金属汞进入填埋场。在填埋场这一特殊的环境条件下，伴随着有机垃圾的降解，长期积累在填埋场的汞会转化为挥发性的单质汞和毒性更强的甲基汞，并伴随着填埋气体扩散至大气，对周围的大气、地下水以及土壤造成严重污染，填埋气成为大气中汞的一个重要污染释放源。填埋场汞的形态分布、迁移转化与释放规律受到物理、化学、生物等因素的共同影响，本课题通过对填埋场覆盖层理化、生物特性以及植被类型、覆盖度和迁移规律系统调查分析，深入解析填埋场覆盖土与植被之间的相互作用对汞的形态分布的影响；揭示填埋气中汞的传输及释放途径；阐明植被生理特性与光照条件的复合效应对汞的释放通量的影响规律；深入探讨填埋场覆盖土-植被-大气之间汞的交换机制；通过优化设计填埋场覆土植被工艺，定向调节和抑制填埋场中汞的传输和释放途径，为有效控制填埋场带来的汞污染提供理论依据和技术支持。

A large amount of Hg-bearing solid waste is collected and disposed of in landfills due to the unseparated solid waste collection system widely adopted in China. With the degraded of organic substances, the mercury accumulated in landfill will be converted as elemental mercury or methyl mercury and emit into the atmosphere accompanied with landfill gas, which become an important source of mercury and methyl mercury and bring about a heavy pollution to the soil, aquatic and atmospheric environment..The phycial, chemical and biological factors play an very important role on governing the transformation and emission mechanism of mercury. The objective of this study is to investigate the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of cover soil and the vegetation species distribution, morphological character and transformation regularity, to evaluate the role of the interaction between the cover soil and vegetation on the morphological distribution of mercury, to disclose the mercury transfer and emission mechanism in the landfill gas, to clarify the influence of complex effect of vegetation physiological characteristic and irradiance on governing the flux of mercury emission from landfill to the atmosphere， to discuss the interchange mechanism of mercury between soil, vegetation and air. Directive adjust and inhibit the mercury transfer and emission path through optimum designing the cover soil and vegetation technology to provide the theory evidence and technical support of mercury pollution control in landfill.