植物、传粉者通过提供花报酬（花蜜和花粉）和授粉服务（种子生产、座果等）形成复杂的相互作用。环境变化引起花报酬变化并影响植物、传粉者及其相互作用，但关于高寒草甸花报酬对环境的响应机制与多尺度生态效应缺乏系统的研究。本项目拟以若尔盖高寒草甸广泛分布的传粉者-熊蜂、主要花报酬提供者风毛菊属、马先蒿属和龙胆属植物为研究对象，借助野外调查和野外控制试验，在个体、种群、群落\生态系统、景观尺度上，回答：（1）花报酬数量和质量是如何响应环境变化的？（2）多尺度花报酬变化如何影响植物种内和种间关系？（3）多尺度花报酬变化如何影响传粉者物种多样性、多度、传粉行为？（4）花报酬变化如何影响生态系统授粉服务？阐明环境变化下花报酬多尺度响应机制以及在种内和种间关系维持、生态系统授粉服务中的作用机制。项目研究结果为揭示青藏高原物种多样性维持机制和生态系统服务功能维护机制提供理论依据。

The mutualism between plants and their pollinators depends on an exchange: floral rewards (nectar and pollen) for pollinators and pollination (resulting in fruit set and seed production) for plants. Variation in floral rewards as a result of global environmental changes will impact plants, pollinators and their interactions. Previous studies demonstrated that environmental conditions can dramatically impact nectar quantity in some plant species. However, it remains to be determined how floral rewards respond to environment changing and its multi-scale effect-variation in floral rewards mediated by environment changing will impact Intraspecific and interspecific relationships of the plants, ecosystem pollination service at individual, population, community/ ecosystem and landscape scale. In this project, we use the modern plant (Saussurea, Gentiana and Pedicularis) and pollinator (Bumble bee) and solve these questions: how different environmental changes impact the quantity and quality of floral rewards from diverse plant species? 2) How dose variation in floral rewards influence intraspecific and interspecific relationships at multi-scale? 3) How variation in floral rewards impacts the abundance and diversity of pollinator species visiting these plant species? 4) How changes in pollinator visitation rates impacts the pollination efficiency and ecosystem pollination service? We will examine these questions using a well-characterized plant and pollinator community in the Tibetan Plateau. The results will contribute to understand the mechanisms maintaining biodiversity, ecosystem pollination service of Tibetan Plateau.