药剂组装缔合体形成与调控机制及在云母型稀有金属资源浮选中的应用

稀有金属的需求量随着高新技术的发展日益增加，传统的矿产资源已经无法满足产业需求，加大云母型稀有金属资源的开发可以有效缓解稀有金属资源短缺的现状。然而我国此类资源虽然储量丰富，但资源禀赋差、品位低、嵌布粒度细，导致资源利用率低。本项目提出利用组合药剂的分子间协同作用提高稀有金属浮选富集效率：组合药剂在矿物/水界面以分子缔合体的形式吸附，通过药剂分子的定向组装调控缔合体形态和数量，实现矿物/水界面选择性疏水强化。项目拟以钒、锂、铷等稀有金属主要载体矿物云母及脉石矿物石英、高岭石、长石、方解石为研究对象，通过多尺度计算模拟和实验相结合的手段，研究组合药剂在水溶液体系中缔合组装行为，揭示组合药剂缔合体在矿物/水界面的二次组装机制，建立组合药剂结构与捕收能力的预测模型，形成基于药剂组装缔合体调控的云母型稀有金属矿物浮选理论，为稀有金属资源高效提取提供理论支撑。

With the development of high and new technology, the demand for rare metals is increasing day by day. Traditional mineral resources can no longer meet the industrial demand. Increasing the development of mica resources bearing rare metals can effectively alleviate the shortage of rare metals. But utilization rate of mica resources bearing rare metals is relatively low due to the poor endowment, low grade and fine embedded grain size. This project proposes to improve the flotation and enrichment efficiency of rare metals resources by utilizing the intermolecular synergism of mixed reagents. In detailed, mixed reagents adsorb at the mineral/water interface in the form of molecular aggregates, and selective hydrophobic at the mineral/water interface can be enhanced by regulating the morphology and quantity of aggregates through the assembly of reagent molecules. In this project, mica bearing vanadium, lithium, rubidium, as well as the gangue minerals quartz , kaolinite, feldspar and calcite are taken as the research objects. By means of multi-scale simulation and experiment, the assembly behavior of mixed reagents in aqueous solution system will be studied; secondary assembly mechanism of aggregate structure at mineral/water interface will be revealed; prediction model about the relationship between structure and collecting capacity of mixed reagents will be established, and finally the flotation theory of mica resources bearing rare metals based on the regulation of reagent aggregates will be formed, which provides theoretical support for efficient extraction of rare metal resources.