大气中气溶胶和云的相互作用显著地影响着全球气候。混合相云覆盖地球表面超过34%的面积，对全球辐射平衡、闪电的形成、强对流天气以及降雨的形成有重要影响，其所含冰晶在-36～0℃受合适的气溶胶粒子（称为“冰核”）催化以非均质核化的方式形成。这是一种非常重要的云和气溶胶相互作用，受限于该作用本身的复杂性以及缺乏完备的观测手段，我们对它的认知还很欠缺，有必要开展相关的研究。沙尘是大气中最要重要的冰核粒子，冰核活性高且释放量大。目前缺少对老化的亚洲沙尘通过非均质核化作用催化混合相云中冰晶生成的过程的长期的地基观测结果。地基激光雷达能以很高的时空分辨率探测沙尘和混合相云的垂直分布，并鉴别水的相态，是理想的探测工具。本项目拟利用我们已累积10年的地基激光雷达的观测数据和今后新采集的观测数据，配合卫星和气象等辅助手段，研究武汉上空的老化亚洲沙尘导致的非均匀成核形成冰晶的过程，以探索老化的亚洲沙尘对大气混合相云的影响。

Aerosol-cloud interactions in the atmosphere significantly impact on global climate. Mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) have a global coverage of more than 34%, and remarkably influence the global rediation budget, the initiation of lightning, and the formation of severe convection weather and precipitation. The ice formation in MPC is mainly catalyzed by suitable aerosol (named “ice nuclei”) via heterogeneous nucleation manner at the temperature ranging from -36℃ to 0℃. This is a type of very important but still poorly understood aerosol-cloud interaction attributing to its complexity as well as the lack of perfect observational devices. Hence it is essential to carry out relevant studies. Dust is the most important type of ice nuclei particle benefiting from its high ice nucleating activity and huge yearly emission. However, there is rather few long-time ground-based observational results about the ice formation in MPC triggered by aging Asian dust via heterogeneous nucleation process. Ground-based lidar is a suitable device that has the capability of detecting vertical distributions of MPC and dust with very high temporal-spatial resolution and distinguishing the phase of water. Here we will employ the past ten-year and future observation data accumulated by our ground-based lidars, together with satellite observation and meteorological data, to study the heterogeneous ice formation caused by aging Asian dust and further investigate the impact of aging Asian dust on atmospheric MPCs.