敏感特异的对神经退行性疾病进行早期检测的嗅觉电生理模型的开发

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are neural diseases caused by gradual dysfunction and final death of the neurons in the brain. With development of the diseases the patients experience dementia, motor deficits and other symptoms and finally die. With the elevated living qualities and increased senior populations, the cost of neurodegenerative diseases increases dramatically for both the families and the society in China. Molecular biological technologies greatly improved our understanding of the neurodegenerative diseases. However the mechanisms underlying these diseases are still unknown. Therefore early diagnosis and intervention are the only treatments at this time. However, the challenge of olfaction detection for the scientists is its non-specificity and low sensitivity. The purposes of this project is to utilize the transgenic mice overexpressing olfactory receptors (UBI7) as a model to study olfactory dysfunction of neurodegenerative diseases, and to develop sensitive and specific electrophysiological tools based on measurement of sensory integration in olfaction, in order to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. Since electrophysiological measurements are fast, lost cost and noninvasive, they can be effectively applied in large scale physical examination to make early diagnosis and treatments possible.

神经退行性疾病如阿兹海默氏病，帕金森氏病等，是大脑神经元丧失功能并逐渐死亡而导致的神经疾病。随着生活水平的提高及社会逐渐进入老龄化阶段，神经退行性疾病的家庭和社会成本急剧上升。虽然随着现代生物学等技术的发展，我们对神经退行性疾病的发病机理有了更多了解；但由于其根本的病理机制仍不清楚，也就没有非常有效的治疗方法。早期诊断和干预是延缓病程的主要手段。其中嗅觉功能的检测是普遍确立的一种早期检测方法，但遗憾的是，现有检测方法具有非特异性，且灵敏度低的缺点。如何提高嗅觉功能检测的灵敏度和特异性，是全世界科学家面临的共同挑战。本研究的目的是利用嗅觉受体转基因小鼠模型（UBI7）开发多感觉在嗅球的反射电位作为能对神经退行性疾病进行早期诊断的敏感特异的电生理学检测指标。电生理检测具有快速、低成本、非损伤的特点。这一指标的确立将有助于开展早期大规模普查，为神经退行性疾病早期诊断和干预提供可能。

内容获取失败，请点击重试