干细胞移植是目前治疗帕金森病（PD）的一种新兴方法。但是，把干细胞应用到临床治疗之前，在科学上必须解决两个基本问题，一是移植的干细胞有治疗效果吗？二是移植的干细胞能够分泌多巴胺（DA）吗？我们首次联合微碳纤电极电化学记录和微透析－高效液相色谱两种在体（in vivo）检测技术，证明了在纹状体区移植的胚胎干细胞来源的DA神经元（ES-DAn）能直接分泌DA。这项转化医学的突破性进展，为今后的其他干细胞治疗机理研究提供了在体验证干细胞功能的范例（Kang et al, PNAS, 2014）。在ES-DAn成功应用于PD治疗的基础上，本申请目标是（1）把成纤维细胞来源的诱导神经前体细胞（iNPCs）移植到大鼠PD模型的纹状体中，（2）在体（in vivo）实时记录移植细胞纹状体的DA分泌。本申请目标的完成将为今后进一步研究iNPCs治疗PD的终极目标打下必要基础。

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the specific loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and their projecting axons, resulting in the loss of dopamine (DA) release in the striatum, and cells transplantation is the promising method for PD treatment. However, two scientific questions must be answered before application of the stem cells in clinical treatment: one is whether the grafted dopaminergic neurons derived from stem cells are therapeutic for PD. The other is whether the grafted neurons can secret DA. Combination of two in vivo detection methods of micro carbon fiber electrode and microdialysis-based HPLC, we firstly demonstrated that the grafted cells directly secreted DA in the striatum. The breakthrough of the translational medicine provided the successful example to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of other stem cells in vivo (Kang et al, PNAS, 2014). On the basis of successful application of embryonic stem cells-derived dopaminergic neurons in PD therapy, the aims of the application are (1) transplantation of the fibroblast derived induced neuronal progenitor cells (iPNCs) into the stiatum of Parkinsonian rats, (2) recording DA release from the grafted striatum in vivo in real-time. This application is aimed at further investigating the therapeutic mechanism of iPNCs for PD treatment.