良、恶性中心气道狭窄常导致患者呼吸困难、气喘或胸闷，严重时可危及生命。气道支架植入术作为一种新兴的微创治疗手段，已广泛用于各种病因所致的气管、支气管狭窄的治疗。然而，现有气道支架仍存在一定缺陷——在支架植入一定时间后，可导致支架区域肉芽组织增生，进而引起支架相关狭窄的发生。现有支架狭窄防治技术（如覆膜、药物涂层等）仍无法解决支架两端狭窄及术后长期通畅问题。.金纳米颗粒（gold nanoparticle,GNP）具有等离子共振和光热效应特性，在近红外光激发下，GNP可产生显著的热杀伤作用。此外，通过聚多巴胺涂层技术，可将GNP稳定地涂层于支架表面并表现出上述效应。本研究拟利用GNP涂层支架热杀伤效应，探究其在预防或抑制大鼠气道支架植入后相关狭窄发生的可行性、安全性和有效性，进而阐明其可能涉及的凋亡、增殖等相关机制，为临床提供一种针对支架相关狭窄发生的新型防治手段。

Benign and malignant central airway obstructions can lead to debilitating symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, asthma and chest tightness) and can be a life-threatening condition. As a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, airway stenting has been increasingly used for the treatment of tracheal and bronchial obstructions secondary to various causes. However, after the airway stents were inserted for a certain period of time, granulation tissue formation occurs through the stent meshes thereby causing stent-related stenosis. This has been considered to be a major limitation of airway stenting. Although covered and drug-eluting stent have been introduced to prevent stent-related stenosis, long-term patency remains to be similarly poor. .With plasma resonance and photothermal reaction characteristics, gold nanoparticle (GNP) can generate significant photothermal effect. In addition, it could be coated to the surface of stents by polydopamine (PDA) coating method. This study aims to investigate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of gold nanoparticle-coated stents (GNP-coated stent) in preventing stent-related stenosis after implantation in the rat's trachea by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation with photothermal effect. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms involved (e.g., cellular proliferation and apoptosis) of GNP-coated stent for preventing are also investigated in this study.