番茄果实硬度重要调控基因Fir11.1的克隆及其调控机制分析

果实硬度是评价番茄品质的重要性状之一，直接影响番茄的经济价值。虽然国内外已定位了一些控制番茄果实硬度的QTL，但调控硬度的关键基因及其调控网络尚不清晰。为此，申请人早期利用全基因组关联分析分别在10号和11号染色体上定位了两个对果实硬度具有较高贡献率的QTLs，分别命名为为Q-st01和Q-st02，并率先完成了Q-st01位点上功能基因Fir10.1的克隆及功能验证。为深入了解番茄果实硬度调控网络并提高分子辅助育种效率，本课题利用构建的BC3F2群体对Q-st02位点进行精细定位，预测与果实硬度性状相关的候选基因Fir11.1；并结合细胞学和代谢组学的方法，多层面分析近等基因系间果实硬度表型差异。利用基因编辑系统及互补实验对候选基因进行功能验证，并结合转录组数据和互作蛋白分析进一步解析调控果实硬度的基因网络。了解调控果实硬度的关键基因及其调控机制，能够为番茄果实硬度精准改良提供新思路。

Fruit firmness is one of the most important factors that affect the fruit quality and economic value. Although several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified in tomato, the molecular mechanisms and gene net controlling fruit firmness still unclear. We identified two major QTLs of fruit firmness by using genome-wide association analysis, which were named as Q-st01 and Q-st02，located in ch10 and ch11, respectively. Fir10.1 was cloned and characterized for the first time. In this study, we plan to identify Fir11.1 by using BC3F2 population, then to analyze fruit firmness related traits between nearly isogenic lines by of morphology and metabolomics methods. Gene editing system and complementary experiment were used to verify the function of Fir11.1, and the gene network regulating fruit firmness was further analyzed by combining transcriptome data and interaction protein analysis. Understanding the key genes regulating fruit firmness and their regulatory mechanisms can provide new solutions for the improvement of tomato fruit firmness, which is of great significance for accelerating the breeding of tomato varieties with high firmness.