具有非对称结构的纳米纤维基柔性仿生智能驱动膜的研究

以前期对纳米纤维膜，能对外界水蒸汽刺激产生响应的驱动变形膜材料的研究为基础，系统研究具有非对称结构的、柔性仿生智能纳米纤维基蒸汽驱动变形膜材料。发展孔隙结构、纤维空间排列和表面图案可控的聚合物纳米纤维膜基体制备的新技术，探明刺激蒸汽与纤维膜基体的相互作用过程，建立纤维膜结构与刺激响应性能的关系；设计、合成与不同刺激蒸汽有特异选择性的聚合物，构建具有形态、结构可控的离散体和三维网状聚集体分级结构的响应层，揭示分级结构与刺激蒸汽相互作用和对刺激响应应变矢量的影响规律；构筑具有超快响应、可控形变和刺激选择性的，非对称结构柔性仿生智能驱动膜，深入表征驱动膜在不同刺激蒸汽中的形变性能，探明驱动可逆形变的演变规律，建立膜的形态结构与驱动形变产生的形状特征之间的关系；建立、完善能够准确描述柔性仿生智能驱动膜的蒸汽刺激驱动可逆形变过程的动力学和热力学理论模型，为新型柔性仿生智能驱动材料的研究提供理论基础。

Based on previous studies on nanofiber based membrane and actuator material which can respond to the water vapor by mechanically changing the shape, the flexible, biomimetic and smart nanofiber based actuators with asymmetric structures and responding capability to various vapors are systematically investigated. A new technique of fabricating nanofiber based substrates with controllable porous structures, spatial orientation of nanofibers, as well as surface patterns on nanofiber membrane is developed. The interaction process between vapors and nanofiber membrane is explored. The relationship between membrane structures and responsive behaviors to vapor stimulations is established. The polymers with specific selectivity to different stimulated vapors are designed and synthesized. The responsive layer with hierarchical structures consisting of discrete substances with adjustable morphologies and structures, as well as three dimensional interconnected networks is prepared. The interactions between hierarchical structures and vapors, and effects of structures on responsive strain vectors to vapor stimulations are revealed. The asymmetric structured biomimetic and smart actuator membrane with super-fast and selectively responses, as well as controllable shape changing capability is developed. The deformation performance of actuator membrane to different stimulated vapors is characterized in detail. The evolution mechanism is elucidated. The relationship between the structure of actuator membranes and shape changing behavior is built. The thermodynamic and dynamic theoretical models accurately describing the reversible deformations of flexible, biomimetic and smart actuator membranes with asymmetric structures driven by stimulated vapors are established and improved. The outcome of the research will lay solid foundation for the development of novel flexible, biomimetic and smart actuators in the future.