随着传统民居研究不断从“描述型研究”向“阐释型研究”转型，以及乡村振兴这一国家战略中对传统民居保护工作的持续重视，传统民居的“建造机制”已经成为民居研究中的一个重要问题。目前，对该问题的研究主要采用影响因素分析和营造技艺调查两类研究范式，但民居的建造主体——“社群”对建造机制的影响尚未得到系统性阐释。本课题创新性地提出了把传统民居看作“社群自发性集体建造活动的产物”这一理论模型，通过社群在建造过程中有哪些选择、如何选择、为何选择来分析问题。在具体研究中，课题以纳西族地区为例，将建筑学的研究方法与文化人类学的社群调查、计算机科学的大数据挖掘等方法交叉融合，引入测绘、建模、参与式观察、抽样与问卷调查、梯度下降算法、倾向性评分匹配算法等具体技术，形成了一套定性与定量相结合的方法体系。最终，通过理论视角和技术方法的创新，实现从社群主体视角出发的、对传统民居建造机制的系统性阐释。

“Building mechanism” is an important problem in the research of traditional dwellings in recent years. Taking this problem as topic, this project does not only respond to the development trend of fundamental research in traditional dwellings, which is undergoing a transition from description to interpretation, but also benefits the revitalization of rural culture. Different from the existing research on the topic, this project proposes a new theory that “traditional dwellings are the results of spontaneous collective building of the community”, and interprets the building mechanism of traditional dwellings by answering the questions that what technical choices the community members have, as well as how and why they make the choices. Taking Naxi Area as an example, and introducing technologies including building measurement, architectural modeling, participant observation, sampling and questionnaire, gradient descent and propensity score matching, this project integrates the methods of architecture, cultural anthropology and data science. Finally, through the innovation in theory and methods, this project will achieve a systematic interpretation of building mechanism of traditional dwellings based on community.