钙离子直接参与牙体硬组织的矿化，在牙齿发育时期摄入过量的氟改变了矿化微环境中的钙离子浓度，从而影响成釉细胞细胞分化和增殖等生长过程，影响釉质矿化，是氟斑牙形成的重要因素。研究氟作用下成釉细胞的钙稳态变化在氟斑牙发病机制中十分重要，钠钙交换体（NCX）是细胞膜上重要的跨膜蛋白，与钠泵一起维持细胞膜两侧钠离子浓度的差异，两者在钙稳态的调节中发挥重要作用。本研究以NCX和钠泵为观察对象，研究氟离子作用下细胞内钙离子稳态变化，通过特异性拮抗牙成釉细胞膜上的NCX研究氟离子作用下成釉细胞钙离子浓度及相关转录因子的变化机制，再通过生物信息学分析软件进行KEGG和GO分析，筛选出氟斑牙信号通路中的关键基因，利用RNA干扰技术沉默该基因的表达，研究其在氟斑牙形成的功能和作用，试图为氟斑牙发生机制研究提供科学依据，为氟斑牙的防治策略提供新靶点、新思路、新方法。

Calcium ion is directly involved in mineralization of dental hard tissue.Excessive intake of fluoride during tooth development changes the concentration of calcium in the mineralized microenvironment, which affects the growth of ameloblast cells and the growth process. , it is an important factor in the formation of dental fluorosis. Therefore, it is very important to study the calcium homeostasis of ameloblasts under fluorosis. The sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) is an important transmembrane protein on the cell membrane, which maintains the difference in sodium concentration on both sides of the cell membrane with the sodium pump, both of which play an important role in the regulation of calciumhomeostasis. In this study, NCX and sodium pump were used as the observation object to study the changes of intracellular Ca2 + in the presence of fluoride under the action of fluoride ion on the amelioration of ameloblast cells. The calcium ion concentration and TGF-β , FGF, Smad6, Smad7, Runx2, c-fos and other related transcription factors, and then through the bioinformatics analysis software for KEGG and GO analysis, screening out the key genes in the dental fluorosis signal pathway, the use of RNA interference technology silence The expression of this gene, to study its function and role in the formation of dental fluorosis, trying to provide a scientific basis for the study of the mechanism of dental fluorosis, dental fluorosis prevention strategy to provide new targets, new ideas, new methods.