发展经济学中的经典理论认为城市化是缩小城乡差距的重要途径和方式，但是从数据上看，中国城市化的快速发展却伴随着城乡收入差距的高居不下。如何解释这一问题呢？.本项目以综合分析的研究视角、通过定量分析与定性分析相结合的研究方法来重新审视城市化对于城乡收入差距的影响。本项目将城市化界定为人口城市化、资本城市化和土地城市化的三重过程，提出三重城市化概念。基于1996-2011年我国各地区（各省、直辖市、自治区）相关的面板数据，纳入全球、国家、地方等不同尺度的环境因素，构建结构方程模型，分析三重城市化对于城乡收入差距的影响方向、程度和途径，研究城市化对城乡收入的影响机理。同时采用案例研究方法，对定量研究结果进行校核和验证，并进一步分析城市化三重过程对于城乡收入差距影响的过程和途径，提炼三重城市化对于城乡收入差距的影响模式。在此基础上，本项目提出旨在缩小城乡差距、促进城乡统筹发展的城市化相关政策。

The classical theories of the development economics suggest that urbanization can reduce the urban-rural income gap. But it is obvious from the statistical data that the urban-rural income gap is increasing with the rapid development of urbanization in China. How to explain the phenomenon? .From comprehensive research perspective, this project combining theoretical analysis and practical investigation, quantificational analysis and qualitative analysis reconsiders the impact of urbanization on the urban-rural income gap. Urbanization is defined as a triple process of population urbanization, land urbanization and capital urbanization and the concept of the triple urbanization is put forward for the first time in this project. With provincial panel data during 1996-2011, this project builds the structural equation model, integrating environmental factors from different scales of globe, state and province, and analyzes the impact and mechanism of triple urbanization on the urban-rural income gap. Further this project checks and verifies the analyses of the structural equation model by applying the method of case study and bring forward the models of impact of triple urbanization on the urban-rural income gap. At last this project makes policy recommendations to reduce the urban-rural income gap and advance the integrated urban and rural development based on empirical analyses.