禽流感病毒能通过家禽传播到人类，对人类健康造成极大影响。申请人前期研究发现，华东地区（特别是浙江地区）家禽中存在着包括H7N9、H5N1和H5N6等多种新型禽流感病毒，这些病毒具有快速变异、多样重组和对人高致病性，并能跨越种间感染到人类，具有一定的人传人潜力。这些新型禽流感病毒生物学特性如何？它们通过何种作用机制获得跨种间感染能力？等系列问题亟待阐明。.本项目将结合前期研究结果，对华东地区新型禽流感病毒进行分离和鉴定，系统分析近年来本地区禽流感病毒的流行趋势、变异规律及其生物学特征。同时，通过深度测序方式，筛选出对病毒传播性具有潜在影响的突变位点，采用反向遗传学操作手段进行病毒重组，并利用细胞和动物感染模型，进一步阐明新型禽流感病毒跨种间感染的作用机制。本项目的开展将为我国人感染禽流感病毒的防控工作和临床治疗提供理论基础，并且对于禽流感疫苗研究和抗病毒药物工作的开展具有重要指导意义。

Avian influenza viruses can spread to humans through the poultry, which has a great impacton human health. Previous researches of the applicant showed that H7N9, H5N1, H5N6 and other novel avian influenza viruses were widely existed in poultry in East China, especially in Zhejiang Province, which have rapid mutation, recombination and the diversity of human highly pathogenic, and cross species infection to humans with a potential of transmission in humans. What about these novel viruses’ biological characteristics? And what is the mechanism of interspecies infection ability of these viruses? These problems need to clarify..Based on our previous work, this project will isolated and identified novel avian influenza viruses in East China, and analysis popular trend, variation and biological characteristics of these novel viruses. At the same time, through depth sequencing, screened mutations with potential impact on the interspecies transmission of the virus, and by reverse genetics and uses the cell and animal models of infection, further clarify the mechanism of cross species infection of these novel viruses. The project will be carried out to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control work in our country and the clinical treatment of human infection with avian influenza viruses, and has important guiding significance for the development of avian influenza vaccine and antiviral drugs work.