包虫病是我国重点防控重大疾病，其中囊型包虫病（细粒棘球蚴病）流行范围最广。原头节是棘球蚴感染的重要阶段，也是寄生虫-宿主相互作用研究的重要对象。我们前期研究发现原头节排泄分泌物中含有外泌体（exosomes），而外泌体中核酸等组份具有重要生物学功能；并发现细粒棘球蚴感染小鼠髓源抑制性细胞（MDSCs）可抑制宿主免疫应答。本项目在此基础上，拟从细粒棘球蚴原头节外泌体长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）入手，采用二代测序研究其RNAs表达谱，分析并绘制lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA的三元关系网络图；重点关注免疫下调的关键lncRNAs，采用RNAi、ChIP、RIP和RNA pull-down等技术研究其基于MAPK信号通路对MDSCs的调控作用及其机制。为进一步阐明细粒棘球蚴感染免疫调节机制提供理论依据，为包虫病诊断、疫苗和药靶研究提供新策略和新思路。

Echinococcosis is one of the major infectious diseases with prior control and prevention in China, and cystic echinococcosis distributes most widely. It’s pathogen-hydatid cyst, is an important model for researches on the relationships between parasite and host. We have found that exosome exits in excretory-secretory (ES), and contains many molecules such as nucleic acids with important biological functions. And myeloid-deprived suppressor cells(MDSCs) from Echinococcus granulosus infected mice inhibited the host immune response. Above all, we plan to focus on the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from Protoscolex-drived exosomes, and draft the RNA profile by the next generation sequencing followed by the network of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, then identify the key lncRNAs responsible for immunosuppression, finally further study the roles against MDSCs through the MAPK signaling pathway using RNA interference(RNAi), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation(RIP) and RNA pull-down, in order to understand the relative mechanisms. It will help us enrich the knowledge of immunosuppression caused by Echinococcus granulosus infection and provide theoretical evidences, and provide some new ideas and strategies about echinococcosis diagnosis, vaccine and drugs.