泥石流泥舌动力学模型研究

泥石流坝后冲刷坑的形成与发展是泥石流动床冲刷过程中最关键的动力学问题之一，其过程与终极形态直接关系到泥石流拦挡坝的安全及副坝等消能防冲设施设计参数的确定；前期研究发现，泥舌的动力学机制是控制冲刷坑形成过程及终极形态的关键问题，但目前尚无相关研究报道。本研究以动力学为核心，在对泥舌形态时空演变特征进行分析的基础上，基于力学理论重点对非牛顿非均质非恒定泥石流泥舌速度场、浓度场、应力场进行多场耦合分析，结合初始条件和边界条件，创建泥石流泥舌的动力学理论模型。在此基础上，构建光滑粒子流数值仿真模型，模拟分析泥石流泥舌动力学特征及动态变化过程。开展物理模型实验对泥石流泥舌动力学理论模型及数值仿真模型进行验证。本研究重点在于基础理论的探索，为解明泥石流坝后冲刷坑形成过程、动力机制及终极形态研究中必须解决的泥石流泥舌冲击力动态过程、坝后冲刷坑内的流固耦合等关键科学问题奠定基础，科学指导防治工程基础设计。

The formation and development of scour pit downstream of debris flow sabo dam is one of the most critical dynamical problems during moving bed erosion process, which determines the safety of the dam and the parameters of auxiliary dams other energy dissipation facilities. The early studies indicate that dynamic model of mud tongue is the key problem for the establishment and the ultimate shape of the scour pit. However, it's few researches have been done about this. Therefore, this project focus on the dynamic mechanism of debris flow mud tongue, studying the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics firstly. Based on mechanical theory, the application plans to Multi field coupling analyze the velocity field, the concentration field, and the stress field of the non-Newton and non homogeneous and unsteady fluid. Then to establish the dynamic model of debris flow mud tongue combined with , which include, combined with different initial and boundary conditions. On this basis, to build numerical simulation model by SPH, so that to simulate the kinetic characteristics of debris flow and its dynamic changing process. At last, to verify the dynamic model and the numerical simulation model by a serial flume experiments. This study's focus is the exploration to the basic theory, so that to solve the critical scientific problems in the forming process, mechanism of dynamic and the ultimate form like the dynamic process of the impact of mud tongue as well as fluid solid coupling in the scour pit. This project can guide the design of mitigation engineering's foundation.