基于水土动力耦合的潜在性泥石流沟判识研究

在强震带，震后重灾区的灾后重建及其经济发展长期面临潜在泥石流灾害的严重威胁。国内外研究及防灾实践表明：要想有效防控泥石流灾害风险、减轻灾害损失，关键是对震后孕灾环境变化条件下的潜在性泥石流灾害进行准确判识。本申请针对强震后植被快速恢复期松散物源物理力学性质改变等特点，通过现场调研、力学分析、数值计算、室内外实验等手段，探明植物根系对固体物源物理力学性质的影响机制，在充分探讨不同降雨条件下沟道水动力汇流过程的基础上，综合分析植物根系和水动力共同作用下固体物源的抗水力移动特性，探索沟坡汇流-土体起动-沿程运动过程中的水土耦合机制，建立基于水土动力耦合过程的潜在性泥石流沟判识模型。研究可为科学合理进行山区城镇布局、居民安置、交通基础设施及水利水电工程建设等国土空间规划、更有针对性地提出对应的灾害风险评估、监测预警及防治方法，制定切实可行的防灾减灾应急预案等提供科学依据。

In the strong earthquake zone, the post earthquake reconstruction and economic development of the severely affected areas are facing the serious threat of potential debris flow disaster for a long time. Research and disaster prevention practice at home and abroad show that the key to effectively prevent and control the risk of debris flow disaster and reduce the loss of disaster is to accurately identify the potential debris flow disaster under the condition of post earthquake disaster pregnant environment change. According to the characteristics of the change of physical and mechanical properties of loose material sources in the rapid recovery period of vegetation after a strong earthquake, the application has explored the influence mechanism of plant roots on the physical and mechanical properties of solid material sources by means of on-site investigation, mechanical analysis, numerical calculation, indoor and outdoor experiments, and comprehensively analyzed plant roots and water on the basis of fully discussing the process of channel hydrodynamic convergence under different rainfall conditions The anti hydraulic movement characteristics of solid source under the combined action of dynamic force, the mechanism of soil and water coupling in the process of gully slope confluence, soil body start-up and movement along the path, and the identification model of potential debris flow gully based on the process of soil and water dynamic coupling are established. In order to provide scientific basis for scientific and reasonable land spatial planning such as urban layout, residents resettlement, transportation infrastructure, water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, more targeted disaster risk assessment, monitoring, early warning and prevention methods, and practical emergency plans for disaster prevention and mitigation.