鼠兔科仅有一个鼠兔属。该属有30多个种，大多数种分布于我国。由于鼠兔属种间形态差异有限，客观鉴定特征不多，造成该属分类和系统发育关系争议较大。随着分子系统学的兴起，全世界很多科学家用少数几个线粒体基因和核基因对鼠兔属开展了不少研究，结果把原来的很多亚种提升为种，一些种降级为亚种。但不同研究者使用的基因不同结果往往差异较大，使得鼠兔属的分类越来越乱，争议越来越大。加上一些种非常稀有，没有可供研究的组织块，以往的分子系统学研究很难把所有物种包含在内。所以全世界鼠兔有多少种、中国有多少种的问题至今没有一致意见。本研究拟通过补充采集，争取采集到我国有分布的所有鼠兔种，并加强对横断山系及青藏高原、秦岭和大巴山、新疆阿勒泰3个重点区域的系统调查，测定简化基因组，通过直系同源基因构建系统发育关系，结合阴茎形态学、几何形态学，弄清鼠兔属的分类与系统发育关系，解决我国鼠兔属分类上的争议。

Ochotonidae only includes one genus Ochotona. There are approximately 30 species in this genus in the world, and most of them distribute in China. Because of interspecies' morphological similarity of Ochotona, the taxonomy and phylogeny of Othotona have been disputting for a long time. In recent years, large quantity of molecular phylogenetic studies of Ochotona based on some mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes were put in practice. In those studies, some subspecies were elevated as species, and some species reassigned as subspecies. But different genes always result in different conclussions. So, the taxonomy of Ochotona is getting more and more controversial. Another reason is insufficiency of specimens, especially rare species. All of previous studies could not include all species of Ochotona. In this study, we will bend ourselves to collect all Chinese pika species and clarify Ochotona's taxonomy and phylogeny based on phallic morphology, geometric morphometric, and reduced genomes.