炭蜂虻亚科是蜂虻科（双翅目，短角亚目）中最大的亚科，其世界性分布，已知69属2115种。由于其幼虫寄生其他昆虫，成虫访花，因此具有极大的生态与农业重要性。尽管我国炭蜂虻亚科昆虫资源丰富，但仍然缺乏深入的系统分类研究。目前，该亚科物种存在近似种繁多混乱，地理分布格局的演化机制未见研究，分子生物学技术应用研究落后，高级阶元系统发育研究匮乏等问题。本项目拟对我国炭蜂虻亚科进行深入系统研究，对其进行全面系统的分类修订，阐明物种多样性；建立炭蜂虻亚科昆虫的DNA条形码数据库，并用该技术解决近似种修订，疑难种鉴定的问题；并运用生物地理学方法，研究炭蜂虻亚科昆虫地理种群，探讨物种分化和地理格局形成过程及演化规律；同时结合形态和分子数据，开展全数据系统发育研究，重新构建炭蜂虻亚科高级阶元的系统发育框架。研究结果将丰富蜂虻科区系，对揭示蜂虻科的系统演化、生物多样性的保护和利用具有重要意义。

The subfamily Anthracinae is the largest subfamily of Bombyliidae (Diptera, Brachycera), which is cosmopolitan and with 69 genera and 2115 species. It has great ecological and agricultural importance as their larvae are insect parasitoids, and adults are pollinators. In spite of the extraordinary abundance of the Chinese fauna, the systematics of the Chinese Anthracinae have not been comprehensively studied. Currently, questions over the discrimination of similar species, the phylogenetic relationships of tribal and generic level, the derivation of speciation and the formation of the present distribution patterns of the Chinese Anthracinae are not reported. The present project aims to: 1) revise the Chinese fauna of the Anthracinae; 2) establish the DNA barcode database; 3) discover the impetus of the present distribution pattern of the Chinese Anthracinae; 4) using combined morphological and molecular data with a comprehensive sampling to reconstruct the phylogeny of Anthracinae. This results will provide insights into the Chinese fauna and the evolution of Anthracinae, which is of significant importance to the biodiversity protection and sustainable exploration of Anthracinae.