肠道微生物与2型糖尿病的发生密切相关，但机制不明，免疫炎症损伤与胰岛微循环异常、内皮细胞功能障碍、胰岛素抵抗存在内在联系，据此提出肠道菌群变化启动机体慢性非特异性炎症反应，导致胰岛素抵抗和胰岛微循环障碍及α、β细胞功能变化，诱导2型糖尿病发生的假说。大黄素是大黄的主要有效成分，具有抗菌、抗炎和免疫调节、降血糖的作用，黄芪甲苷是黄芪主要成分，具有抗炎、免疫调节和降血糖作用。课题组以经典的自发2型糖尿病动物模型-OLETF大鼠为对象，分别采用高脂饲料和普通饲料喂养，通过肠道元基因组学分析、微球技术测定大鼠胰腺和胰岛血流等方法，动态观察不同阶段肠道菌群变化、免疫炎症损伤、肠道内分泌功能变化、胰岛微循环变化、胰岛α、β细胞功能及葡萄糖耐量的变化，分析肠道菌群紊乱-免疫炎症损伤-胰岛微循环障碍-2型糖尿病间的内在联系；同时观察大黄素联合黄芪甲苷通过调节肠道菌群和抗炎等作用对糖尿病的预防和治疗作用。

Gut microbes are closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes while the mechanism is unknown, and the immune and inflammatory injury has internal associations with the islet microcirculation abnormality, endothelial cell dysfunction and insulin resistance, according to which we propose the hypothesis that the intestinal flora changes may start the body's chronic non-specific inflammatory reaction, leading to insulin resistance, islet microcirculation dysfunction and functional changes of α, β cells, thereby inducing the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. Emodin which is the main active ingredient of rhubarb has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and hypoglycemic effects, Astragaloside which is the main active ingredient of Radix Astragali has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and hypoglycemic effects. Our research group takes the classic spontaneous animal model of type 2 diabetes-OLETF rats as object, adopts a high fat diet and normal diet respectively, observes the dynamic changes of intestinal flora, immune and inflammatory injury, intestinal endocrine function, islet microcirculation, islet α,β cells' function and glucose tolerance in different stages by means of detecting the blood flow of rat pancreas and islets via gut metagenomic analysis, microsphere technology and so on, analyses the internal association of intestinal flora dysfunction, immune and inflammatory injury, islet microcirculation abnormality and type 2 diabetes, and meanwhile observes the preventive and therapeutic effects of emodin combined with Astragaloside in diabetes by regulating the intestinal flora and their anti-inflammatory effects.