微生物气溶胶是大气气溶胶的重要组成部分，可能对大气的理化特性、气候、生态系统、人体健康等各方面产生不可忽视的影响。海洋一方面受长距离传输陆源微生物气溶胶的影响，另一方面其本身富含的各种微生物也会通过气泡破裂机制进入大气，但目前对于海洋大气边界层中微生物的丰度、群落结构、粒径分布等知之甚少。本项目将以东海花鸟岛为长期观测点，搭载四个季节的东海航次，采用先进的分子生物学技术，获取东海微生物气溶胶丰度和群落结构变化的第一手资料，并结合同步观测的海水叶绿素、有机碳、微生物群落结构等和气溶胶化学组分数据，研究微生物气溶胶的来源、传输、特性及其潜在气候效应以及与海洋生态系统的相互作用。本项目将对全面认识气溶胶特性（包括理化、生物特性）、气候效应、海-气相互作用提供重要科学基础。

Airborne microorganisms are one of important component of atmospheric aerosols, which may have significant impacts on the physicochemical characteristics of the atmosphere, climate, ecosystem and human health, etc. On one hand, airborne microorganisms over the oceans are influenced by the long-range transport of terrestrial microbes. On the other hand, the oceans themselves can eject different types of microorganisms by bubble-bursting mechanism. Nonetheless, little is known about the abundance, community structure and size distribution of microorganisms in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. In this study, Huaniao island will be chosen as a long-term observation site, along with the four-season cruises over the East China Sea and application of advanced molecular technologies, to obtain the first-hand data of abundance and community structure of airborne microorganisms over the East China Sea. Simultaneously, the chlorophyll, organic carbon and microbes in seawater and chemical composition of aerosols will be measured for investigating the sources and transport of airborne microorganisms and their potential climate effect and interaction with marine ecosystem. This study will provide scientific foundation for fully understanding the roles of aerosols in the climate change and air-sea interaction.