青春期不仅是个体毕生发展过程中非常关键的时期，也是冒险行为的高发时期。揭示青少年冒险行为的易感因素及其神经生理机制，不仅是众多领域学者关注的科学问题，更是国家当前需要关心和解决的重要社会问题。青少年冒险行为的发生往往伴随着奖赏与情绪加工，当前已有研究考察了风险决策中奖赏与情绪加工相关的神经基础和遗传基因，但忽略了对环境因素的考量。新近研究指出，同伴是青少年冒险行为的重要环境因素，可能与遗传因素交互影响青少年在风险决策中的冒险偏好。为揭示这一机制，本项目拟开展两项研究：(1) 通过为期1年的纵向追踪研究，探索基因多态性位点对青少年冒险行为发展轨迹的影响及其中介机制；(2) 通过系列ERPs实验，探究基因与同伴环境交互影响青少年冒险行为的动态过程。所得结果不仅可揭示青少年冒险行为的神经生理机制，还有助于我们更好地理解青少年高冲动行为的发生发展机制，为降低和预防青少年冒险行为提供新的理论依据。

Adolescence is a crucial developmental period over the life-span, often characterized with increased risk-taking behaviors that may jeopardize their optimal psychological and physical functioning. Revealing the risk factors of adolescent risk-taking behaviors and its neurophysiological mechanisms is not only a scientific problem that has been attracting scholars for many areas, but it is also a critical social issue that government is devoted to solve. The occurrence of teenager’s risk-taking behaviors are often accompanied with reward and emotional process. Some contemporary studies have investigated the neural basis and genes related to reward and emotional process in risk decisions, however, the role of environmental factors has been vastly overlooked.. Recent research has found that peer is an important environmental factor affecting adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors, probably through the interaction with related genes. To reveal this mechanism, this project plans to carry out two studies: (1) to explore gene polymorphism’s influence on the developmental trajectory of teenager’s risk taking behaviors and its mediating mechanisms through one-year longitudinal study; and (2) through a series of ERPs experiments, to reveal the dynamic process of interaction between gene polymorphism and peer environment in adolescents’ risk taking decisions. These results aid to reveal the neurophysiologic mechanisms of adolescents' risk taking behaviors, and also deepen our understandings of the elevated emergence of impulse behavior during adolescence, all of which provide new theoretical foundation for decreasing and preventing adolescents risk taking behaviors.