掌握成花诱导的关键时期和主要调控因素是调控植物开花时间的基础，对花卉作物的生产栽培有重要意义，但兰科植物的开花生理研究欠缺。兜兰属是世界著名的兰花，具有很高的商业价值，但其栽培规模依然较小。兜兰属的自然花期多在春季和秋季，与花卉的消费旺季不完全匹配，开花时间不能精确控制是限制其规模化栽培的重要因素。温度和光周期被认为是影响植物在不同季节开花的主要环境因素，因此项目拟通过形态解剖学、生理学和转录组测序方法，研究以下三个问题：(1)兜兰属不同物种在春季或秋季开花是受花芽分化的起始时间调节还是花芽发育的快慢调节？(2)影响春花型和秋花型兜兰成花诱导的主要因素是温度还是光周期？(3)哪些重要基因和调控途径参与了春花型和秋花型兜兰响应温度和光周期的成花诱导？通过对这些问题的研究，阐明春花型和秋花型兜兰的成花诱导机制，为兜兰属植物花期控制及育种提供理论支撑，促进野生观赏植物资源的栽培利用。

Understanding the key period and the main regulatory factors of flowering induction is the basis for regulating the flowering time of plants, which is of great significance for the cultivation of floral crops, but the research on the flowering physiology of orchids is still lacking. The genus Paphiopedilum is world-famous orchid with high commercial value, but its cultivation scale is still small. The flowering times of the members of Paphiopedilum in nature are mostly in spring and autumn, which is not completely matched with the peak season of flower consumption. The inaccurate control of flowering time is an important factor limiting the large-scale cultivation of Paphiopedilum. Temperature and photoperiod are generally considered to be the main environmental factors affecting flowering in different seasons. Therefore, the present project, by using a combined approach of anatomy, physiology and transcriptome sequencing, will mainly focus on the following issues: (1) Is the flowering of different species of Paphiopedilum in spring or autumn regulated by the onset of flower bud differentiation or the speed of flower bud development? (2) Is temperature or photoperiod the main factor affecting the flowering induction of spring-flowering and autumn-flowering species in Paphiopedilum? (3) What important genes and regulatory pathways are involved in flowering induction of spring-flowering and autumn-flowering species in response to temperature and photoperiod? Through the study of the above issues, the flowering induction mechanism of spring-flowering and autumn-flowering species will be understood, which will provide valuable information for flowering time regulation and breeding of Paphiopedilum, and for promoting the cultivation and utilization of wild ornamental plants.