表面纳米结构特有的表面和体积效应使其具备独特的物化性质，在微机电系统等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本课题以固液界面自发生成的纳米气泡为模板，充分利用其成核简单，尺寸和分布密度调整范围大等优点，开展材料表面纳米结构的成形机理研究工作。课题将首先研究纳米气泡的成核机理，并综合分析影响纳米气泡成核的主要因素，建立纳米气泡尺寸及分布密度的主动调控方法。在此基础上，采用主动和间接作用两种方式制备表面纳米结构。在主动作用方面，研究纳米气泡与材料表面的相互作用，分别揭示气泡的表面张力及其高内部压强在软材料表面主动作用生成纳米结构的机理。在间接作用方面，将以气泡和材料表面对不同粒子的选择性吸附机理研究为重点，明确各种不同作用形式下所生成的纳米结构的形貌。以此为基础，综合分析各种成形因素的影响，实现纳米结构形貌和尺寸的调控。课题的开展有望在表面纳米结构成形方面取得代表性成果，成为现有成形方法的有益补充。

Due to their large surface area to volume ratio, surface nanostructures normally have some special physicochemical properties. This makes them have wide applications in the areas such as micro-electro-mechanical systems. These interfacial nanobubbles can be spontaneously nucleated at solid-liquid interfaces. The size of nanobubbles can be tuned from several tens nanometers to hundreds of nanometers. Their density can also vary in a large range. These unique properties make them good templates for nanostructured surface fabrication. In this proposal, the mechanism of nanobubble-assisted formation of surface nanostructures is studied. The study on the nucleation mechanism of interfacial nanobubbles will be carried out first. The factors influencing nanobubble nucleation will be investigated to establish methods of controlling the size and density of nanobubbles. In this proposal, the fabrication of nanostructured surfaces will be conducted by two approaches, which are referred to as active method and indirect method. In the active method, the interaction between nanobubbles and sample surfaces will be studied. From this, the mechanism of both high inner pressure and the surface tension force along three phase contact line will be revealed for the formation of surface nanostructures. For the indirect method, the mechanism of preferential particle adsorption of sample surfaces and nanobubbles in aqueous solutions will be revealed. The morphology types of nanostructures generated by different methods will be confirmed. Moreover, various influence factors of nanostructured surface formation will be comprehensively studied to realize the regulation of morphology and size of surface nanostructures. This project could obtain some representative research outputs about surface nanostructure formation, which could be helpful supplements to the existing methods.