基于材料微观结构的空间滚动轴承高低温动态接触特性研究

滚动轴承广泛应用于航空、航天等特殊环境与极端工况下的空间机构中，其失效往往导致机构的整体失效。本项目着重从材料微观结构角度入手，研究高低温作用下空间滚动轴承的动态接触特性问题。主要内容包括：（1）基于离子束/电子束双束系统等设备，提取典型空间滚动轴承材料真实微观结构及组分特征，对材料微观结构进行建模与重构。（2）探究高低温对轴承微观结构材料参数影响的一般规律和机制，分析热量在材料微观结构之间的传导方式，建立高低温环境下空间滚动轴承微观热平衡模型，开展高低温及材料微结构耦合作用下轴承接触行为的热-弹-塑力学分析。（3）开展空间滚动轴承综合性能实验，综合考虑高低温作用下空间滚动轴承微观接触力学及动力学理论，建立考虑微观结构的空间滚动轴承高低温动态接触特性模型。项目研究成果将为空间滚动轴承结构以及材料微观组织优化设计提供理论依据，有效指导特殊极端环境下滚动轴承的可靠性评估及寿命预测。

Rolling bearing is widely used in spatial mechanisms subjected to special and extreme environments in the fields of aeronautics and astronautics, its failure always causes the failure of the whole mechanisms. Based on the microstructures of materials, the present project focuses on the dynamic contacting properties of spatial rolling bearings subjected to high-low temperatures. The main research contents are: (1) By employing focused ion beam/scanning electron imaging system, etc., the geometry and constituent characteristics of microstructures of spatial rolling bearings are extracted, the microstructures of the materials are modeled and reconstructed; (2) Studying on the influence of high-low temperatures on the material parameters of bearing microstructures, analyzing thermal conducting between the microstructures of materials, establishing the micro thermal balance model for spatial rolling bearings subjected to high-low temperatures, and conducting the analysis on thermo-elasto-plastic coupled contacting of the bearings affected by high-low temperatures and material microstructures. (3) Conducting the comprehensive performance testing for spatial rolling bearings, by utilizing the contact mechanics and dynamics of spatial rolling bearings subjected to high-low temperatures, the dynamic contacting properties of spatial rolling bearings subjected to high-low temperatures can be modeled with taking the microstructures of materials into consideration. The research achievement of the project will be the theoretical support for the optimal design of structure and microstructure of spatial rolling bearings, significantly helpful for the reliability evaluation and life prediction for rolling bearings under special and extreme environments.