增强机体免疫在防治肿瘤的过程中起了重要的作用，可以调节机体免疫功能的中药抗种类繁多, 效果各异。因此，开发具有增强免疫作用的抗肿瘤中药并探讨作用机制越来越受到医药工作者重视。基于前期研究基础，我们提出“尖尾芋的增强免疫抗乳腺癌是通过上调miR-506靶向结合小凹蛋白1(caveolin-1, cav-1)，进一步抑制PI3K/Akt信号通路，既抑制了肿瘤侵袭和转移，又启动了免疫细胞应答。”的假说。首先筛选出miR-506并预测出cav-1蛋白；其次通过“过表达”和RNAi等方法干预cav-1，明确cav-1在肿瘤免疫中的作用；最后明确miR-506 靶向抑制cav-1及其介导PI3K/Akt通路的作用机制。研究成果为开发作用机制清楚、靶点明确的抗乳腺癌药物提供科学依据。

Chinese herb inhibiting tumor cells by nonspecific immune function of organism is a "Chinese medical characteristic" of antitumor therapy strategy. More and more Chinese medicine with anti-cancer activities is discovered continuously. Understanding its mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets become the focus of attention and show great prospects in the treatment of cancer. According to the results of preliminary experiment in this project, we have the hypothesis of “microRNA-506 regulation of activating antitumor immunity by targets caveolin-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway”. Firstly, we identify the miR-506 and obtain predictions of cav-1 that the miR-506 will targets, and then overexpressed or silenced the cav-1 protein to validate its key effect in tumor suppression. Finally, to investigate the effect of miR-506 targets cav-1 by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway. These results are hoped to provide a tumor marker for new drug development and throw new light on Chinese herbal medicine against tumor.