细胞色素P450单加氧酶（CYPs）是人类肝脏中药物代谢和激素合成的主要执行者，因此新药的药理、药代和毒理研究，以及药物相关产品的生产均对人类肝脏CYPs生理功能的认识和模拟提出了客观需求。本项目拟运用合成生物手段在酿酒酵母体内设计与合成一条全新的、可自主复制、稳定遗传、携带全体人源CYPs基因及其还原伴侣/辅助蛋白编码基因的XVII号人工染色体，并通过可调控基因异源表达来精准模拟人类肝脏CYPs的生理行为，首次创建可用于药物代谢快速评价，药物、药物前体及药物代谢物低成本制备以及激素高效合成的“酵母人工肝”。

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are the major players of drug metabolisms and hormone biosynthesis in human liver. Thus, the studies on pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology that are related to new drug development, and the production of drugs, drug precursors, and drug metabolites all require the understanding and mimics of the physiological functions of human liver CYPs. Thus, this project is proposed to design and completely synthesize the XVII artificial chromosome in Sacchromyces cerevisiae that carries all human P450 genes and the required auxiliary genes. Through regulated heterologous expression of these human genes, we aim to accurately mimic the physiological behaviors of all human liver CYPs in yeast. The so-called “Artificial Yeast Liver” would be useful for the fast evaluations of drug metabolisms, the cost-effective manufacturing of drug-related products, and efficient hormone biosynthesis.