群体间的基因交流是人类进化的基本现象之一，对于增加人群内部的遗传多样性和表型多样性有重要作用。然而，遗传混合在分子层面对个体表型和群体性状多样性的影响机制并不清楚。新疆维吾尔族是一个典型的混合人群，维吾尔族人群的诸多表型很显然是东西方融合的结果。本项目拟借助新一代DNA和RNA测序技术（Illumina HiSeq 2000）产生转录组和基因组数据，定位维吾尔族的基因表达数量性状遗传座位（eQTL），着重考察东西方特异性遗传变异对维吾尔族基因表达水平的影响程度和机制，进一步解析遗传混合影响混合人群遗传多样性和表达多样性的调控模式。本项目的开展，从一个特别的角度，研究遗传变异对基因表达的调控模式，同时有助于探索基因交流对混合人群基因表达水平的影响机制。

Population cohesion is one of the basic phenomena of human evolution, which has an important effect on increasing the genomic complexity and phenotypic diversity within the population. Uyghur is a typical admixed population and many phenotypes are clearly the results of the genetic fusion of Eastern and Western population. However, the molecular level is not clear for the admixture’s influence on the individual traits and population diversity. This project intends to generate the transcriptome and genome data by DNA and RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 2000), perform the expression quantitative trait loci analysis and focus on studying the mechanism of the Eastern and Western specific genetic variants’ regulation on gene expression patterns in Uyghur, further understand the genetic admixture’s influence pattern on the genetic diversity and expression diversity of the admixed population. From a particular point of view, this project will understand the regulatory mechanism of genetic variation on gene expression deeply and help to explore the mechanism of gene flow’s influence on the gene expression patterns in admixed population.