城市自生植物及其园林应用潜力研究

城市自生植物在生物多样性保护、恶劣生境绿化、城市生态系统健康等方面具有非常重要的生态作用。基于城市自生植物，建设低维护植物景观正在成为园林研究与实践的新兴领域之一。本研究以南京市为例，通过全面普查、野外定位观测及群落定植试验，对城市自生植物多样性、生境适应性、群落自组织机制进行了探讨，并对城市自生植物的园林应用潜力进行评估。在生物多样性方面，拟对城市自生植物的时空格局、入侵风险估和城市生境对多样性影响进行分析；在生境适应性方面，研究拟分析城市自生植物对生境胁迫的形态、生长及繁殖策略；在群落自组织机制方面，拟研究生态位分化机制、群落发生演替机制及其对微生境的反馈机制。在此基础上，对自生植物景观的适用生境、典型自生植物景观的低维护特性及综合效益进行评估。本研究对于探索自生植物在低维护植物景观中的应用具有重要意义。

Urban spontaneous plants play an important ecological role in biodiversity conservation, poor habitat afforestation and urban ecosystem health, etc. Building low maintenance plant landscape based on urban spontaneous plants is becoming one of the emerging fields of landscape research and practice. Taking Nanjing City as an example, this study will explore the biodiversity, habitat adaptability and community self-organization of urban spontaneous plants through comprehensive surveys, field observations and community colonization experiments, and evaluate the potential of urban spontaneous plants in landscape architecture. In the aspect of biodiversity, the spatial and temporal patterns of urban spontaneous plants, invasion risk and the impact of urban habitat on biodiversity will be analyzed. In the aspect of habitat suitability, the study will analyze the form, growth and reproduction strategies of urban spontaneous plant on habitat stress. In the aspect of community self-organization mechanism, the mechanism of niche differentiation, community succession mechanism and its feedback to micro-habitat will be studied. On this basis, the suitable habitats, the low maintenance effectiveness and the comprehensive benefits of spontaneous plant landscape will be evaluated. This study will be of great significance to explore the application of spontaneous plants in low maintenance plant landscape.