硝酸盐异化还原菌（DNRA）协同厌氧氨氧化脱氮体系的构建与机理研究

由于具有降低能耗、能源回收、碳减排等特点，厌氧氨氧化被认为是未来概念厂的核心技术，然而伴生的硝氮使总氮去除率偏低。研究发现硝酸盐异化还原成铵菌(DNRA)与厌氧氨氧化菌在自然界中共存，本项目将通过DNRA菌转化厌氧氨氧化菌生成的硝氮，构建DNRA菌协同厌氧氨氧化脱氮体系；优化协同体系的系统性能和微生物活性，建立DNRA菌协同厌氧氨氧化的操作方法，筛选最适宜的协同体系构建策略；采用15N 同位素示踪、化学计量学等方法研究协同体系中氮的迁移转化，以明确协同体系氮降解途径；借助qPCR、宏基因组测序等分子生物学技术解析微生物群落多样性与演绎变化规律，从酶学和群落水平上揭示DNRA菌耦合厌氧氨氧化协同脱氮的机制，最终阐明DNRA菌协同厌氧氨氧化的作用机制。项目的实施可有效应对厌氧氨氧化工艺出水硝氮积累、总氮去除率较低的瓶颈科学问题，改善出水水质，促进厌氧氨氧化工艺应用推广。

Due to lower energy consumption, energy recovery, and carbon emission reduction, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is considered to be the core technology of the future concept plant. However, effluent nitrate makes the TN removal quite low. Researchers found that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) coexisted with anammox in nature. This project will adopt DNRA to reduce anammox produced nitrate to improve nitrogen removal through the cooperation of anammox and DNRA. This study will evaluate cooperation system performance and microbial activity. The optimal strategy to build cooperation system and the method for the establishment of DNRA and anammox cooperation system will be screened. Through the 15N isotopic tracing technique and analysis of the stoichiometric relationship, the migrating and transforming course of nitrogen in DNRA and anammox cooperation system will be revealed. The nitrogen degradation pathway in the new-built system will be illustrated. The diversity and variation rules of microorganism communities will also be studied by molecular biological techniques such as qPCR and metagenomic sequencing in this research. Thus, the enhanced nitrogen removal mechanism in the DNRA and anammox cooperation system will be revealed from the enzymology and community level. Ultimately, the collaborative mechanism of DNRA and anammox will be clarified. This project aims to effectively solve the bottleneck problems in anammox process, such as effluent nitrate accumulation and the low total nitrogen removal rate. The results may help to improve the effluent water quality and promote the application and spread of anammox process.