氧化苦参碱（Oxymatrine,OMT）是从宁夏特色植物苦豆子中提取的主要生物碱之一，我们前期发现OMT可重塑胶原诱导关节炎（CIA）大鼠Th17/Treg平衡，显著降低其脾滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）数量，改善关节滑膜炎症，且降低CIA小鼠滑膜组织TLR9的表达。但OMT如何调节自nTreg分化来的滤泡调节性T细胞（Tfr）/ Tfh比率失衡从而影响B细胞应答的机制尚不清楚。本研究以CIA小鼠及RA患者为研究对象，用信号蛋白或受体抑制剂、免疫印迹法、FCM、MACS及RT-qPCR等技术，明确Tfr/Tfh失衡在RA发病中的作用；证实OMT抗RA的效果；探讨OMT调节“Tfr/Tfh-IL-21-GCB细胞”轴抑制B细胞的“TLR9-MyD88-STAT3”信号通路治疗RA的免疫学机理。以期阐明其作用靶点和分子机制，为OMT的临床应用，为地方资源优势转化为经济优势提供基础理论和实验依据。

Oxymatrine（OMT) is one kind of alkaloids extracted medicine from Ningxia local plant Sophora alopecuroides L..The preliminary findings of our research group showed that OMT could correct the Th17/Treg unbalance,which down-regulated the expression of TLR9, reduced the number of Tfh cells in rat spleen,alleviated significantly inflammation in the synovial tissue of CIA rat. But whether OMT regulate Tfr/Tfh ratio, affect the formation of germinal center(GC) and the production of antibodies by OMT is unclear.In this research,the collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) model and RA patients,the proposed application of receptor inhibitors or signal inhibitors, Western-Blot,flow cytometry,MACS technology,ELISA technology and RT-qPCR,clear the roles of Tfr/Tfh ratio in rheumatoid arthritis, explore immunological mechanisms of anti-rheumatoid arthritis that OMT inhibits “TLR9-MyD88-STAT3” signals in GC B cells via regulating the “Tfr/Tfh-IL-21-GCB cells ” axis. Through these study to elucidate the mechanism of OMT and application in the clinical treatment, provide the basis of theory and experiment for the conversion of Ningxia local medicine into economic advantages.