有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂主要作用于人畜、昆虫等乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)都有的活性位点处的丝氨酸残基，一种安全控制害螨而不危及哺乳动物的策略，是研制出以害螨特有的AChE保守活性位点为靶标的新的杀螨剂。目前虽然有少量关于蚜虫、蚊类和铜绿蝇等的AChE选择性抑制剂和特有作用靶点的报道，但是朱砂叶螨隶属蛛形纲，与昆虫纲等AChE不同，针对螨AChE的选择性抑制剂和特有作用靶点鲜有报道。本研究拟采用简并引物等技术克隆朱砂叶螨AChE基因，体外表达螨AChE，拟筛选对螨AChE和人畜AChE有较好选择性的抑制AChE活性物质。对螨AChE进行同源结构建模，通过比对分析螨AChE与人畜AChE活性位点及周围区域氨基酸序列和结构差异明确其特征,采用分子对接法研究选择性抑制螨AChE活性物质作用于螨AChE的作用靶点，提出螨AChE特有的作用靶点，为新型选择性植物源杀螨剂的研制奠定基础。

Current organophosphates and carbamates pesticides react with a serine residue at the catalytic site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). One safe way to control these mites without harm to mammals is to develop new acaricides that target a conserved and mite-specific region of AChE. A few study mentioned species-selective inhibitors of AChE and their insect-specific AChE targets. However, mite-selective inhibitors of AChE and their specific AChE targets in Tetranychus cinnabarinus, are rarely reported. The aim of this study is to clone of AChE gene using homology probing methods with various degenerate primers. The three-dimensional modeling structure of T. cinnabarinus AChE will be created by automated homology modeling, and differential analysis of AChE structure from mites and from mammalian will be performed to characterize mite AChE. AChE of T. cinnabarinus will be expressed in vitro using the baculovirus expression system, and the mite-selective inhibitors of AChE will be screened. Molecular docking method will be used to analysis the target of the mite-selective AChE inhibitors, which may discover the mite-specific AChE targets. The study may enable the design of novel and safe acaricides that target the mite-specific AChE region without causing human toxicity and resistance problems.