自旋轨道耦合作用和偶极-偶极相互作用可以使光晶格中玻色气体产生丰富的量子相，如超固相、平面波相和条纹相等，因此光晶格中自旋轨道耦合偶极玻色气体的研究成为当前冷原子物理的热点问题。尽管近些年来人们在该课题的研究方面取得了一些成果，但主要针对两组分玻色气体，而对于多组分玻色气体，其基态方面的研究工作还不是很多。本项目拟研究光晶格中多组分自旋轨道耦合偶极玻色气体新奇量子相。主要内容包括：(1)探究系统从Mott绝缘相到超固相以及超流相的相变；(2)推导Mott绝缘区有效量子自旋模型的哈密顿量，基于变分法获得Mott绝缘区、超固区以及超流区的基态相；(3)探究超固相的实现机理，提出实验观测方案。本项研究不仅加深对光晶格中多组分自旋轨道耦合偶极玻色气体新奇量子相的认识和理解，还可以为构建具有奇异拓扑性质的新型量子磁性材料提供理论基础，有着重要的科学意义。

The spin-orbit coupling and the dipole-dipole interaction induce a rich variety of quantum phases in Bose gases in optical lattices, such as supersolid phase, plane wave phase and stripe phase, the study on spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose gases in optical lattices becomes the hot topic of the ultracold atomic physics at the present time. Although some progress has been made in studying of spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose gases in optical lattices in recent years, these studies mainly focus on the two-component Bose gases. However, studies on ground-state phases of multicomponent Bose gases not usually seen. The spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose gases in optical lattices have a great research value, it attracts much attention recently.The project intends to study the novel quantum phases of multicomponent spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose gases in optical lattices, including: (1) we will investigate the phase transition from the Mott phase to the supersolid phase, and to the superfluid phase; (2) we will use the quantum perturbation theory to obtain the Hamiltonian of an effective spin model in the Mott regime, and use the variational method to investigate the ground-state phases in the Mott insulator, supersolid and superfluid regimes; (3) we will investigate the realization mechanism of supersolid phase and propose the experimental observation scheme. These studies are interesting, which will not only deepen our understanding the novel quantum phases of multicomponent spin-orbit coupled dipolar Bose gases in optical lattices but also provide theoretical basis for constructing new quantum magnetic material with topological singularity.