基于动态混合度和满意牵引条件的燃料电池/超级电容混合动力机车能量管理瞬时优化控制方法研究

燃料电池/超级电容混合动力机车技术是目前轨道交通领域新能源应用的研究前沿之一。由于机车在不同牵引工况、编组方式（动、拖车）和载重配置下存在整车动力性和燃料经济性兼顾问题，以及整车燃料经济性（氢耗量）优化问题，本项目通过建立基于动态混合度的燃料电池/超级电容混合动力机车瞬时等效氢耗模型和深入研究基于满意牵引条件的大功率机车燃料电池发电系统效率多工况优化问题，拟提出一种基于动态混合度和满意牵引条件的大功率燃料电池/超级电容混合动力机车能量管理瞬时优化控制方法。本项目的研究是对中小功率燃料电池混合动力系统能量管理技术的拓展，所提出控制方法能够在不同驱动和制动模式下兼顾整车动力性和经济性，减少作为主动力源的大功率燃料电池发电系统的寄生损耗，实现各动力源运行效率优化和延长各动力源循环使用寿命，达到提高机车安全性和可靠性的目的，对研发环保、高效的燃料电池/超级电容混合动力机车提供一定的理论和技术支撑。

A fuel cell/super-capacitor hybrid power locomotive technology is one of the research frontiers of new energy application in rail transit domain. In this project, due to the balance problem between the power performance and the fuel economy, and the optimization problem of the fuel economy (hydrogen consumption) under different traction conditions, locomotive marshalling ways (motor car or trailer car) and the load configurations, an energy management instantaneous optimization control strategy based on dynamic degree of hybridization and satisfied traction condition for fuel cell/super-capacitor hybrid power locomotive is proposed by developing an instantaneous hydrogen consumption model of the high-power locomotive based on equivalent hydrogen consumption theory and investigating a multi-operating mode optimization control problem of high-power locomotive fuel cell power system efficiency based on satisfied traction condition. The proposed control method which is an expansion for the energy management technology of the fuel cell hybrid system with small and medium-sized power can guarantee power performance and the economy better under different driving and braking modes and reduce parasitic consumption of high-power fuel cell power system to achieve the efficiency optimization of different power sources. Furthermore, this method is also able to prolong the cycle life of different power sources and then enhance the safety and reliability for the whole system. The research of this project will provide some theoretical and technological support for developing the efficient and environmental fuel cell/super-capacitor hybrid power locomotive.