基于多层次结构化的机车用燃料电池系统效率多牵引工况优化控制方法研究

燃料电池电动机车技术是目前轨道交通领域新能源应用的研究前沿之一。为避免大功率机车用燃料电池系统出现严重的"寄生损耗"问题，保证机车在不同牵引工况、编组方式（动、拖车）和载重配置下的高效、可靠运行，本项目拟通过分析大功率机车用燃料电池系统效率的最优化特征和优化求解系统"最优运行条件"，深入研究大功率机车用燃料电池系统效率的最优化问题，拟提出一种基于多层次结构化的系统效率多牵引工况优化逆控制方法。本项目的研究是对中小功率燃料电池系统效率控制技术的拓展，所提出的控制方法能够在不同牵引工况下最大化系统净输出功率、减少系统寄生损耗、延长系统使用寿命，进而实现系统的效率优化，并能够克服大范围牵引工况变化以及系统不确定性摄动所带来的影响，达到提高机车系统的安全性、可靠性和稳定性的目的，对研发高效、环保的燃料电池电动机车提供一定的理论和技术支撑。

A fuel cell electric locomotive technology is one of the research frontiers of new energy application in the rail transit domain. In this project, in order to avoid the severe phenomenon of "parasitic consumption" and guarantee the operating efficiency and reliability under different traction conditions, locomotive marshalling ways (motor car or trailer car) and the load configurations, an efficiency optimization problem of the high-power locomotive fuel cell power system is investigated through analyzing the optimization characteristics of the high-power locomotive fuel cell system efficiency and solving an "optimal operating condition". Furthermore, a multi-tractional optimal inverse control of the system efficiency based on a multi-hierarchical structuration is proposed. This proposed control method which is an expansion for the efficiency control tecnology of the fuel cell system with small and medium-sized power can maximize the system net output power, reduce the system parasitic consumption and prolong the system lifetime under different traction conditions, and then achieve the system efficiency optimization. It also could conquer the influence on the wide range of operating conditions change and the perturbation of system uncertainty to enhance the safety, reliability and stability for the whole system. The research of this project will provide some theoretical and technological support for developing the efficient and environmental fuel cell electric locomotive.