脊髓损伤（SCI）后，损伤局部微环境会出现多种功能不同的免疫细胞。我们前期的研究发现：局部活化的小胶质细胞、浸润的单核细胞和T细胞在SCI的损伤和修复过程中扮演重要的角色，这些细胞可能包含不同的功能亚群（神经保护和神经损害）； 用髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)活化的T细胞（MBP-T）过继免疫SCI的大鼠，可以改善脊髓损伤局部微环境，发挥神经保护作用，其机制可能与影响上述免疫细胞亚群之间的平衡有关。然而，这些细胞亚群在SCI的发病机制中扮演的角色目前仍存在争议，其原因可能是SCI局部微环境的复杂性以及研究方法的局限。本研究拟采用MBP-T过继免疫作为干预手段，结合免疫组织学和流式细胞术等方法，探讨MBP-T过继免疫对脊髓损伤局部巨噬细胞（小胶质细胞和浸润的单核细胞）和T细胞亚群的影响，以确定损伤脊髓局部"有益"或"有害"的免疫细胞亚群，为SCI的临床治疗开辟新途径并提供理论和实验依据。

After spinal cord injury (SCI), a variety of different immune cell subsets may be infiltrated in the injured local microenvironment. Our previous study found that local activation of microglia, infiltration of monocytes and T cells play an important role in the damage and repair process of SCI. These cells may contain different functional subsets (neuroprotective and neurodestructive). The adoptive immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP)-activated T cells (MBP-T) to spinal cord injured rats could improve the local microenvironment of SCI, play a neuroprotective effect and its mechanism may be related to the balance between the impact of the above-mentioned different immune cell subsets. However, the specific role of these cell subsets in the pathogenesis of SCI remains controversial. The reason probably lies in the complexity of the local microenvironment of SCI and the inappropriate research methods. In this study, the adoptive immunization of MBP-T will be used as a means of intervention, the subsets of macrophages (microglia and infiltrating monocytes) and T cells in the injured spinal cord will be detected by combination of immunohistology and flow cytometry, to determine the "protective" or "destructive" immune cell subsets in the local microenvironment of injured spinal cord. These explorations will find new ways for the clinical treatment of SCI and provide theoretical and experimental basis.