目前，在中建南盆地发现了大量的泥火山和麻坑构造。前者在海底表现为正地貌，而后者表现为负地貌。两者的形成机理以及在相同的构造和沉积背景下差异性地貌的成因是尚未解决的科学问题。本申请拟根据大量地球物理资料解释、岩石样品分析和数值模拟相结合的研究方法。首先通过地震解释获得精细地质结构，建立合理的地质模型；其次通过样品分析了解温、压场特征和岩石地化参数，为模拟提供约束条件；最后以改进的纳威-斯托克斯方程为依托利用离散元法对泥火山和麻坑构造的形成过程进行数值模拟。本申请期望在以下三个方面取得创新性成果：（1）探明研究区泥火山和麻坑构造的精细流体通道特征；（2）确定在研究区相同构造和沉积背景下形成海底地貌差异性的主控因素；（3）阐明形成研究区泥火山和麻坑构造的超压形成机制。本研究成果不仅在理论上能够促进泥火山和麻坑构造的研究，而且也有利于该盆地深水资源勘探、地质灾害评估和深水极端环境生态系统等的研究。

Numerous mud volcanoes and pockmarks occur in the Zhongjiannan Basin. The former and the latter are shown as positive and negative seabed morphologies, respectively. However, their formation mechanisms and the factors which cause their reversed seabed morphologies are still not uncovered. The methods of geophysical interpretation, well/core analysis together with numerical simulation are used in this study. Firstly, the detailed internal structures of fluid pathways will be depicted and geological model will be built, basing on reflection seismic interpretation; Secondly, the temperature-pressure fields and geochemical characteristics of cores are analyzed, which provides the constraint conditions for the numerical simulation; Lastly, the formation processes of mud volcanoes and pockmarks will be simulated, basing on the Neville - Stokes Equation and Distinct Element Method. Through these studies, three innovative points will be achieved: (1) to uncover the detailed internal fluid pathways of mud volcanoes and pockmarks; (2) to conform the controlling factors which cause the different seabed morphologies of mud volcanoes and pockmarks and (3) to clarify the formation mechanism of overpressure which cause the occurrence of mud volcanoes and pockmarks. This study is advantage for both the theoretical improvement of mud volcanoes and pockmarks and the practical applications for deep-water hydrocarbon exploration, geological risk estimation and extreme environment study.