针对三峡枢纽航运突发事件所导致的船舶交通冲突严重、扩散快、调控难、社会压力大等现状，开展以船舶交通供需匹配最优配流为基础的应急调控研究。首先结合航运突发事件场景快速重构及其场景驱动，构建基于Benders分解和鲁棒优化的船舶交通应急调控框架，探究船舶出行需求与通航能力供给之间供需匹配的博弈优化机理；针对船舶出行需求的有限理性选择，构建基于前景理论的广义感知阻抗和用户均衡配流模型，设计基于Logit的多径路分配方法，实现船舶交通压力转移调控；针对通航能力供给的三峡两坝协同调度，构建两坝闸室、航段的通航阻抗和系统最优配流模型，设计基于超启发的多径路分配方法，实现船舶交通流密度均衡分布调控；开发应急调控仿真平台，运用计算机仿真、比对与实证相结合的实验手段，验证项目所提出的理论与方法。研究成果可形成船舶交通应急调控和危机管理的理论与方法，丰富船舶交通组织管理的知识体系，促进长江三峡通航效率提升。

Navigational emergency of Three Gorges hub results in the serious conflict of vessel traffic, rapid crisis diffusion, difficult adjustment and great social pressure. The research aims to study and solve the emergency adjustment and control problem of vessel traffic with navigational emergency of Three Gorges hub, and the base of research is the optimum flow assignments between the demand of vessel transportation and the supply of navigation capacity. Firstly, a framework for emergency adjustment and control of vessel traffic is established based on benders decomposition and robust optimization with scenario-driven and reconstruction of navigational emergency, and is used to explore and realize the game optimization on the optimum flow assignments of supply and demand. For bounded rational selection of the demand of vessel transportation, the generalized perceptual impedance of links based on foreground theory is modeled, and the user equilibrium traffic assignment model is established. Accordingly the multi-path allocation method based on Logit is designed to solve the regulation of vessel traffic pressure transfer. For the supply of navigation capacity of Three Gorges hub, the navigation impedance of links on chambers and legs is modeled, and the system optimum flow assignment model is established. Accordingly the multi-path allocation method based on hyper heuristic is designed to adjust the spatio-temporal equilibrium distribution of vessel traffic flow density. Finally, we develop the emergency adjustment and control simulation experiment platform of vessel traffic to confirm these theories and methods presented by us with aids of comparison experiment, computational simulation and empirical study. The research results achieve the methods of emergency adjustment and control of vessel traffic and crisis management of vessel traffic, enrich the knowledge system of vessel traffic organization and management, and promote the navigation efficiency of Three Gorges hub.