基于微模塑相分离技术的超疏水/双疏膜表面的构建和耐污染/耐结垢性能研究

对疏水膜材料在膜蒸馏、膜吸收等应用过程中的污染/结垢和润湿的形成原因，学术界在膜材料表面结构设计、污染/结垢形成热力学以及与水力学关系的本质等方面还存在争论。本项目拟以微模塑相分离技术为基础，设计具有可控微米柱整列结构的超疏水膜表面，以此作为研究平台，开展超疏水和双疏水表面的设计和污染/结垢和润湿研究。表面化学改变可以直接实现超疏性能，双疏膜表面可以通过复合微米、纳米颗粒构建。然后从表面荷电、污染物与膜表面相互作用、膜表面滑移、水力学参数对疏水状态调控、润湿动力学等角度，探索液-固-气三相界面上膜污染的形成机理和机制。通过与膜蒸馏和膜吸收过程中实验现象结合，建立疏水膜材料在应用过程中污染/结垢和润湿形成机理。研究成果将为疏水膜材料在节能减排和水资源化等领域的应用提供新的表面设计思路。

Current understanding of the fouling/scaling and wetting of hydrophobic membranes in membrane distillation and absorption is limited. There exists contradictory view on membrane surface design and relationship between thermodynamic theory of fouling/scaling and hydraulic behavior. In this proposal, we aim to design a new generation of superhydrophobic membranes, as a research platform, using micropillars at the top based on micromolding phase separation (micoPS) technology; our approach will contribute to a controlled surface morphology for superhydrophobic membrane; omniphobic membranes are obtained by further coating micro or nano particles to the surfaces. We explore the liquid-solid-gas interfacial fouling mechanism by analyzing the surface charge, interaction of the foulant/membrane, surface slip (via slip length), hydraulic parameters on state of hydrophobicity, and wetting kinetics; the results will be compared with the DLVO model and experimental results from membrane distillation and membrane absorption. We expect to provide new understanding of the fouling/scaling of hydrophobic surface in application. Current research will contribute to antifouling/scaling surface design for the application of hydrophobic membrane in zero-liquid discharge, energy saving as well as water resource management.