气溶胶的精细探测是研究大气与环境的重要课题。近红外波段的1064nm激光具有较强的沙尘和云雾探测能力，在星载与地基测云和气溶胶激光雷达中有广泛应用，但由于受到精细分光技术的限制，在此波段的精细探测数据还处于空白，给此波段的数据反演带来困难。本项目针对气溶胶对1064nm激光的散射特征，提出基于双通道Fabry-Perot（F-P）标准具作为高光谱滤波器件，精细分离米散射与瑞利散射信号。重点研究高光谱F-P标准具的优化设计与控制技术、近红外波段米散射与瑞利散射的精细分光技术以及微弱信号的提取技术，以期构建近红外波段的高光谱偏振激光雷达实验系统，进行实验观测研究，结合高光谱数据和偏振探测数据进行气溶胶特性参数的精细反演算法研究，获得气溶胶的精细散射特征及雷达比信息。研究成果将对我国大气环境监测具有重要意义，并且还可以为我国未来近红外波段的星载主动遥感仪器的地面标定技术提供科学数据及技术支撑。

The fine detection of aerosol is an important issue to study the atmosphere and the environment. 1064nm near-infrared laser has a strong dust and clouds detection capabilities, widely used in space-borne and ground-based Cloud-Aerosol Lidar. But due to the limit of the fine filter technology, the fine-detection data of aerosol at near-infrared wavelength is in the blank, which leads to great difficulty at data inversion. The subject put forwards a high-spectral-resolution spectroscopic method, according to the back-scattering spectrum character at 1064nm. A dual-pass Fabry-Perot etalon is chose as a high-spectral filter, and it extracts the Rayleigh signal superimposed with Mie scattering signal. We will focus on the optimal design of hyper-spectral Fabry-Perot etalon filter and the fine spectroscopic technique at near-infrared wavelength. A hyper-spectral-resolution and polarization lidar at near-infrared wavelength is expected to be built, and the experimental research is carried out in order to obtain the best design of the system. Aerosol retrieval algorithm based on hyper-spectral data and polarization signal is studied and inverted for the fine scattering characteristics and lidar ratio of aerosol at 1064nm. The research project will be the significance of atmospheric environmental monitoring, and can also provide scientific data and technical support for spaceborne active remote sensing technology.