多孔碳材料因其独特的性能在能源和环境领域日益受到关注，杂原子掺杂和多孔性能优化是改善其应用性能的重要途径。传统杂原子掺杂多孔碳材料制备方法存在孔径和杂原子引入位点难以调控等缺点。共轭微孔聚合物是一类具有刚性骨架结构的有机多孔材料，其结构和性能高度可调，可作为多孔碳材料的理想前体。本项目拟采用含多炔基的芳杂环化合物通过炔炔偶联自聚或与多卤代化合物偶联共聚制备多种寡氢共轭微孔聚合物，采用高温热处理活化所得聚合物制备原位杂原子掺杂多孔碳材料。使用寡氢聚合物可有效避免高温热解过程中脱氢对碳材料结构的破坏。研究单体骨架结构和热处理工艺对所得碳材料多孔性能、杂原子掺杂程度和电学性能的影响，并根据其性能特点将其用于超级电容器电极材料和氧还原反应电催化剂，系统研究多孔性能和杂原子掺杂对其应用表现的影响，探讨杂原子掺杂多孔碳材料的电化学储能和电催化氧还原机制，为其在能源和环境领域更好的应用提供有益的借鉴。

Porous carbon materials (PCMs) have received more and more attention in energy and environmental fields due to their unique properties. Heteroatom doping and well-tuned porosity are regarded as two important pathways to improve the application properties of PCMs. It is still hard to control pore size and the location of heteroatoms when traditional method is used to prepare heteroatom-doped PCMs. Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are a kind of organic porous materials with rigid skeletal structure and their structures and properties are highly tunable, making them an ideal precursor for PCMs. In this proposal, different kinds of hydrogen-deficient CMPs will be prepared through either self-condensation of aromatic heterocyclic compounds bearing multiple alkynyl groups or cross-coupling copolymerization of the alkyne compounds with other multiple-halogenated compounds. A series of in situ heteroatom doped PCMs will be prepared by high-temperature heat treatment activation of the obtained CMPs. The use of hydrogen-deficient CMPs can effectively avoid dehydrogenation induced damage to the structure of PCMs during the high-temperature pyrolysis. The influence of monomer skeletal structure and heat treatment procedure on porosity, the extent of heteroatom doping and electrical properties of the resulting PCMs will be studied. According to their specific properties, these PCMs will be used as supercapacitor electrode materials and oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. The influence of porosity and heteroatom doping on the application performance of PCMs will be systematically studied and the mechanism beneath electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalytic oxygen reduction will be discussed. This will provide an insight into the better application of PCMs in energy and environmental fields.