基于枯枝落叶层水分原位测定方法创新的森林土壤水分迁移模型检验与评价

枯枝落叶层水分含量及其水分运动的时空变异规律在森林生态系统和水文过程的研究中具有重要作用。由于枯落物具有松散多孔的结构，传统水分传感器的测量探头很难与枯落物充分接触，且其常年受降雨、风蚀、日晒等环境因素影响，枯枝落叶层水分含量的时空变异更加复杂，寻求一种准确、可靠、低成本的原位测量方法是当今国际上森林环境信息获取研究领域亟待突破的难点之一。本申请根据介电理论与高频电磁场理论，针对森林枯枝落叶层的松散结构，设计能够原位准确测定枯落物水分含量的新型传感器探头结构，并在实验室条件下对其进行性能评价与优化，最终在森林环境下实现对枯枝落叶层水分含量的低成本原位测量。在此基础上，集成多种用于监测森林环境参数的传感器，以研究枯枝落叶层水分时空变异规律，并在两个观测点结合不同森林环境（气候条件、植被类型）对前人提出的森林土壤水分迁移模型进行检验、修正和适用性评价。

Forest floor water content dynamics and the pattern of temporal and spatial variability play an important role in forest ecosystem and hydrological research. In loose and porous material such as forest floor, it is difficult for traditional moisture sensor to establish and maintain good contact between the probe and the surrounding material. Furthermore, forest floor water content has a more complicated temporal and spatial variability because this layer is directly exposed to rain, wind and solar radiation. Thus, develop the accurate, no disturbing and in-situ methods of forest floor water content is a difficult problem to be solved in the area of information acquisition in forest study. In this project, the novel sensor probes will be developed to measure the forest floor water content according to the dielectric theory and high frequency electromagnetic field theory. The performance of these probes will be tested and optimized firstly in laboratory experiments, then the accurate and in-situ experiments of forest floor water content measurement will be carried out. Various sensors used to monitoring forest environmental parameters would be integrated with the novel sensor probes to study the pattern of temporal and spatial variability in forest floor. Moreover, we will validate present models on forest floor water content dynamics based on the data from two monitoring points owning different climate and vegetation.