从中缅边境注射吸毒者(IDUs)传入云南省的HIV-1 B'和C亚型的重组，造成新重组型CRF07_BC 和CRF08_BC在中国的大流行。申请人前期研究表明目前该地区IDUs人群HIV-1感染者是HIV-1重组的"大熔炉"。研究该人群中HIV-1重组及其机制，有助于我国制定HIV-1跨境传播防控策略和预测HIV-1流行趋势。共感染或超感染是HIV-1重组的先决条件。本申请在前期研究基础上，拟从中缅边境IDUs血样中筛选出200份左右HIV-1感染者；然后通过PCR扩增单基因片段测序分析兼并碱基和T克隆测序；鉴定出8-10份共感染或超感染者；最后用病毒宏基因组学方法，对不同时间点内这些病人体内的HIV-1进行全基因组测序；分析共感染或超感染与HIV-1重组热点、重组型别之间的关系。本研究将为研究HIV-1的重组机制和预警该地区HIV-1新型重组病毒的出现和流行提供科学依据和理论指导。

In the past ten years, HIV-1 B' and C subtypes were transmitting into Yunnan province from injecting drug users (IDUs) of the China-Myanmar border area, further prevalence and recombination of these two subtypes in Yunnan province led to two new circulating recombinant forms (CRF), CRF07_BC and CRF 08_BC emerge, then radiate and cause a disaster of pandemic in china. In our recent study, It strongly suggests that China-Myanmar border area is a big forge for HIV-1 recombination in the HIV-infected IDUs cohort now. Understanding the mechanism of extremely high frequent intersubtype recombinants in this area will contribute to control HIV/AIDS pandemic of these highly diverse recombinants in China. .Only after different HIV-1 particles co-infected or super-infected a cell, HIV-1 recombination could happen in vivo. So studying the role of co-infections or super-infection will be helpful to reveal the mechanism of HIV-1 recombiantion. In the present study, the blood samples from HIV-infected IDUs in China-Myanmar border area will be collected and approximate 200 HIV-1 positive specimens will be identified. Firstly, by PCR amplification and sequencing of a single gene fragment of HIV-1, the merged bases of the PCR amplificants will be analyzed. Secondly, through inserting the amplificants into T-vector and sequences blast, 8-10 HIV-1 positive specimens of co-infections or super-infections will be identified. Thirdly, by virus metagenomic analysis, the whole genomes of HIV-1 in these patients will be sequenced at different time points. Lastly, by analysis the relationship between co-infections or super-infections and HIV-1 recombination hotspots, the role of co-infection or super-infection in HIV-1 recombination will be partly understood. This study will contritube to understand mechanism of HIV-1 recombination and provide some advices to guard against new HIV-1 recombinant viruses spreading in this area and China.